Benign tumor

Heavy smokers (greater than or equal to 15 cigarettes per day) who are greater than 35 years of age History of hepatic tumors (benign or malignant)... 

Generally, a substance is defined as carcinogenic if it induces tumors (benign or mahgnant), increases tumor incidence and/or malignancy, or shortens the time to tumor occurrence (OECD 2002a, EC 2003). 

Tumor, benign Remains localized and normally does not spread to other parts of the body... 

MG is caused by antibodies that a person makes against their own Ach receptors hence, MG is an autoimmune disease. The antibodies disturb normal Ach stimulation to contract skeletal muscles. Failure of the immune system to destroy cancerous cells in muscle can result in muscle tumors. Benign muscle tumors are called myomas while malignant muscle tumors are called myosarcomas. 

Nature of tumors (benign or malignant) and relevance of tumor type to humans. 

The mass of abnormal cells formed when cells start dividing uncontrollably is called a tumor. There are two types of tumors benign and malignant... 

Islet tumors—benign or malignant Islet hyperplasia... 

Some problems for which a D G was previously performed are now diagnosed or treated by hysteros-copy (the insertion of a hysteroscope into the uterine cervix for viewing the interior of the uterus). A small piece of tissue (biopsy) can be removed for evaluation of an abnormality such as endometrial cancer (cancer of the uterine lining). Growths such as fibroid tumors (benign growths, which can cause pain or bleeding) can be removed, and abnormalities of the cavity can be corrected. 

It is not appropriate to generali2e the carcinogenicity of this class of compounds. Nitrofura2one appears to increase the incidence of benign mammary tumors in rats. The tumorigenic activity of fura2ohdone is expressed by an increase in the incidence of spontaneous tumors in both mice and rats. Bioassays of nitrofurantoin in several species of mice and rats failed to reveal any evidence of direct tumorigenic activity. Ovarian tumors have been reported in B C F mice, but these are beheved due to an indirect expression of toxicity (14,15). 

The National Toxicology Program (NTP) reported on tests on mice and rats that there was an increase in the spontaneous incidence of benign tumors in male and female rats and an increase in malignant Hver and lung tumors in B6C3E1 mice. NTP concluded that these data demonstrated clear evidence of carcinogenicity in mice and female rats and some evidence in male rats (35). 

Hyperaldosteronism is a syndrome caused by excessive secretion of aldosterone. It is characterized by renal loss of potassium. Sodium reabsorption in the kidney is increased and accompanied by an increase in extracellular fluid. Clinically, an increased blood pressure (hypertension) is observed. Primary hyperaldosteronism is caused by aldosterone-producing, benign adrenal tumors (Conn s syndrome). Secondary hyperaldosteronism is caused by activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Various dtugs, in particular diuretics, cause or exaggerate secondary peadosteronism. 

Virus-associated benign tumors Anogenital warts... 

NF1 neurofibromatosis type 1 benign and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors... 

Warning associated with the administration of estrogen include an increased risk of endometrial cancer, gallbladder disease, hypertension, hepatic adenoma (a benign tumor of the liver), cardiovascular disease, increased risk of thromboembolic disease and hypercalcemia in those with breast cancer and bone metastases. 

As was the case with albumin, reports on clinical studies employing gelatin microspheres are limited and confined to Japan. Bleomycin, contained in a microsphere-in-oil formulation, was targeted to the lymph nodes for the treatment of infantile cystic hygroma, a benign tumor (143). Successful treatment was noted in all cases. 

Postrenal ARF is due to obstruction of urinary outflow. Causes include benign prostatic hypertrophy, pelvic tumors, and precipitation of renal calculi.7 Rapid resolution of postrenal ARF without structural damage to the kidney can occur if the underlying obstruction is corrected. Postrenal ARF accounts for less than 10% of cases of ARF.6... 

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