Acid Cream

The cream is a formulation of 12% lactic acid neutralized with ammonium hydroxide, as ammonium lactate, with a pH of 4.4-5.4. The cream also contains cetyl alcohol, glycerin, glyceryl stearate, laureth-4, light mineral oil, 

In a separate vessel, add 10% of item 10 and item 1 to make a slurry, heat to 40°C, and pass through colloid mill after adding another 10% of item 10. 

Separately dissolve in 5% of item 10, item 8, and add to step above. Mix for 30 minutes. 

Pass again through colloid mill and add to step 3, mix, and pass again through colloid mill. 

Handbook of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Formulations Semisolid Products 

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Clear solutions of antiperspHants have been on the market for about 100 years. Cream and lotion types are o/w emulsions commonly formulated using nonionic emulsifiers to avoid aluminum salt formation, especially by carboxyHc acids. Cream antiperspHants are generally distributed in jars, whereas lotions are dispensed from roU-on types of containers. 

The potassium salt of tartaric acid, potassium bitartrate or potassium hydrogen tartrate, is weakly acidic, and is known as cream of tartar. Since it is a dry acid, cream of tartar is used in baking powders (along with sodium bicarbonate) to produce carbon dioxide gas when added to water. Other acids used in baking powder are fumaric acid and phosphoric acid. 

Fuchs KO, Solis 0, Tapawan R, Paranjpe J (2003) The effects of an estrogen and glycolic acid cream on the facial skin of postmenopausal women a randomized histologic study. Cutis 71(6) 481-488... 

Cease the use of retinoid creams, a-hy-droxy acid and pyruvic acid creams for a week after the peel... 

Azelaic acid is a non-phenolic derivative (1,7-hep tanedicarboxylic acid) used at concentration of 10-20% twice a day to treat melasma with minimal side effects (allergic reactions). It acts to disturb the tyrosinase synthesis and can be used as a bleaching agent in patients sensitive to hydroquinone. Better results are obtained if a glycolic acid cream is applied sequentially to azelaic acid treatment. 

In erythrosis 15% to 25% to 30% salicylic acid peeling should be performed at 3-week intervals for a total of three to four peelings (Fig. 17.14a, b). Suggested topical treatment between peeling includes 0,75% metronidazole cream once a day or 1-2% salicylic acid cream once a day and sunblock creams... 

The oleaginous phases of creams differ composi-tionally from hydrocarbon ointments. Many, but not all, creams are patterned after vanishing cream and contain considerable stearic acid. In lieu of some or all of the stearic acid, creams sometime contain long-chain waxy alcohols (cetyl, Ci6 stearyl, Ci8), long-chain esters (myristates, Ci4 palmitates, Ci6 stearates, Cig), other long-chain acids (palmatic acid), vegetable and animal oils, and assorted other waxes of both animal and mineral origin. 

The application of a mild topical corticosteroid, such as hydrocortisone, is effective in patients presenting with multiple mosquito bites. Paracetamol, which is an antipyretic agent is not indicated in mosquito bites. Fusidic acid cream is an anti-infective agent and is indicated if the mosquito bites have been scratched and there is risk of infection. Benzocaine (anaesthetic) and mepyramine (antihistamine) may relieve itchiness but are less effective in multiple mosquito bites than hydrocortisone. 

Azelaic acid Cream For the treatment of inflammatory papules and pustules of mild to moderate rosacea... 

Stiller, M.J. etal. Topical 8% glycolic acid and 8% lactic acid creams for the treatment of pho-todamaged skin — a double-blind vehicle controlled clinical study, Arch. Dermatol., 132, 631, 1996. 

Tartaric Acid (Cream of Tartar), Granular. Tin, Oxide, Ground. 

Gum arabic (acacia) has been used in pharmacy as an emulsifier. It is a polyelectrolyte whose solutions are highly viscous owing to the branched stmcture of the macromolecular chains its adhesive properties are also believed to be due to, or in some way related to, this branched stmcture. Molecular weights of between 200 000 and 250 000 (MJ have been determined by osmotic pressure, values between 250 000 and 3 x 10 by sedimentation and diffusion, and values of 10 by light scattering, which also points to the shape of the molecules as short stiff spirals with numerous side-chains. Arabic acid prepared from commercial gum arabic by precipitation is a moderately strong acid whose aqueous solutions have a pH of 2.2-2.7. It has a higher viscosity than its salts, but emulsions prepared with arabic acid cream are not as stable as those made with its salts. 

Figure 3.1 contains a sample template for a Patient Group Direction, Figure 3.2 contains an example of a Patient Group Direction for the administration of fusidic acid cream/ointment 2% by a community pharmacist and Figure 3.3 contains an example of a Patient Group Direction for the administration of trimethoprim 200 mg tablets by community nurses for the management of patients with cystitis. 

Patient Group Direction for Fusidic acid Cream/Ointment 2%... 

Supply/administration of Fusidic acid cream/ointment 2%... 

Figure 3.2 An example of a Patient Group Direction for the administration of fusidic acid cream/ointment 2% by community pharmacists. (Continued overleaf.)...

Wrinkles can only be improved by using deep peels folds usually only respond to surgery, support threads or fillers. An improvement in the appearance of fine lines can be seen after 4-6 months of daily application of 10-12% glycolic acid cream. 

If, on the other hand, a patient cannot tolerate a concentration of tretinoin at 0.05%, applying an 8-10% glycolic acid cream in the morning will make a tretinoin cream at 0.015% applied in the evening more effective, at the same time as reducing the irritation caused by the retinoid. These combinations must always be used under close medical supervision, however, as in dual therapy, skin reactions can be highly unpredictable and severe in some patients. More sensitive skins can be treated as follows ... 

We have seen above that the post-peel mask is a slightly acidic cream and cannot therefore be considered as a simple neutralizer . 

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