Pharmacists community

NCPA-Pharmacia Digest 2000, A survey of U.S. independent community pharmacies for 1999, Pharmacia Corp., Teanpeck, NJ and National Community Pharmacists Association, Alexandria, VA. 

Pharmaceutical Care Insights from Community Pharmacists William N. Tindall and Marsha K. Millonig... 

The Yellow Card Scheme, at first restricted to receive reports from doctors, dentists and coroners, has been gradually expanded to receive reports from other sources. From October 1996, the Scheme was extended to include reporting of suspected adverse reactions to unlicensed herbal remedies. In April 1997, the Yellow Card Scheme was further extended to include hospital pharmacists as recognised reporters of suspected ADRs. In addition, there are specially targeted extensions of the Scheme such as adverse reactions to HIV medicines and adverse reactions in children. Over the period, the Scheme has been gradually extended further to receive reports from community pharmacists and in October 2002, from nurses, midwives and health visitors. 

In some mainly rural areas the doctor may also dispense the medicines prescribed, but more usually the patient takes the prescription to a community pharmacist, also under contract with the NHS, who dispenses the medicines and claims reimbursement at predetermined rates. Unless they are exempt, patients pay a prescription charge at the time of dispensing. 

Bell HM, McElnay JC, Hughes CM. 2000. Societal perspectives on the role of the community pharmacist and community-based pharmaceutical services. JSocAdmin... 

Desselle SP, Rappaport HM. 1995. Feasibility and relevance of identified pharmaceutical care practice standards for community pharmacists. Paper presented at the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists Annual Meeting, Miami, FL, November 7. 

Desselle SP, Tipton DJ. 2001. Factors contributing to the satisfaction and performance ability of community pharmacists A path model analysis. J Soc Admin Pharm 18 15. 

West D, ed. 2002. NCPA Pharmacia Digest. Alexandria, YA National Community Pharmacists Association. 

Wilkin NE. 2006. Profiles of Innovation in Community Pharmacy Final Report. Alexandria, VA National Community Pharmacists Association. 

SureScripts was founded in 2001 by the National Association of Chain Drug Stores (NACDS) and the National Community Pharmacists Association (NCPA)... 

KusserowRP. 1990. The ClinicalRole of the Community Pharmacist. Washington, DC Department of Health and Human Services. 

Ibrahim MIM, Wertherimer AL 1998. Management leadership styles of effectiveness of community pharmacists A descriptive analysis. / Sue Admin Pharm 15 57. 

Kreling DH, Doucette WR, Mott DA, et al. 2006. Community pharmacists work environments Evidence from the 2004 national pharmacist workforce study. J Am... 

O Neill JL, Gaither CA. 2007. Investigating the relationship between the practice of pharmaceutical care, construed external image, organizational identification and job turnover intention of community pharmacists. Res Soc Admin Pbarm 3 438. 

Although community pharmacists pay close attention to the types of third-party payer contracts to ensure that they understand the reimbursement timetables, in many instances they are not able to influence the... 

About the Author Dr. Urmie is an Assistant Professor in the Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy Division at the University of Iowa College of Pharmacy. She received a B.S. in pharmacy from the University of Wisconsin and worked as a community pharmacist prior to returning to the University of Wisconsin for graduate school, where she received an M.S. in pharmacy administration and a Ph.D. in social and administrative sciences in pharmacy. Her teaching interests include insurance and reimbursement in pharmacy, health insurance, the U.S. health care system, and pharmacy management. Her main areas of research are prescription drug insurance and consumer preferences related to health care use. 

Approved on July 27, 2004 by the Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy, the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, the American College of Apothecaries, the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, the American Society of Consultant Pharmacists, the American Pharmacists Association, the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy, the National Association of Chain Drug Stores, the National Community Pharmacists Association and the National Council of State Pharmacy Association Executives. 

About the Author Dr. West is an Associate Professor at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of Pharmacy. She received a B.S. in pharmacy and a Ph.D. in pharmacy administration from the University of Mississippi. She coordinates the community pharmacy management course and teaches pharmaceutical policy in the health care system. Dr. West serves as a pharmacy consultant for the Arkansas Foundation for Medical Care and the Arkansas State Employee Insurance Group and is the faculty liaison for the National Community Pharmacists Association student chapter. Her research interests pertain to understanding provider and patient behavior to improve medication use and advance community practice. 

Parts of this section are excerpted with permission from West DS. Purchasing and inventory control. In Jackson R (ed), Ejfective Pharmacy Management CD-ROM, 9th ed. Alexandria, YA National Community Pharmacists Association Foundation, 2003, Sec. 17. 

The size of a pharmacy or pharmacy department commonly is determined by industry averages or by evaluating the sales per square foot of various pharmacy departments. Store managers can obtain industry information on the ideal size for their pharmacies from wholesalers and other vendors, as well as from their professional associations (e.g., National Community Pharmacists Association or National Association of Chain Drug Stores). 

Elliott ME, Meek PD, Kanous NL, et al. 2002. Osteoporosis screening by community pharmacists Use of national osteoporosis foundation resources. J Am Pharm Assoc 42 101. 

Knapp KK, Katzman H, Hambright JS, Albrant DH. 1998. Community pharmacist interventions in a capitated pharmacy benefit contract. Am J Health-Syst Pharm 55 1141. 

Rupp MT. 1992. Value of community pharmacists interventions to correct prescribing errors. Ann Pharmacother 26 1580. 

Simpson SH, Johnson JA, Tsuyuki RT. 2001. Economic impact of community pharmacist intervention in cholesterol risk management An evaluation of the study of cardiovascular risk intervention by pharmacists. Pharmacotherapy 21 627. 

Tsukuki RT, Johnson JA, Teo KK, et al. 1999. Study of cardiovascular risk intervention by pharmacists (SCRIP) A randomized trial design of the effect of community pharmacist intervention program on serum cholesterol risk. Ann Pharmacother 33 910. 

About the Author Dr. Chui is currently an Assistant Professor at the University of Wisconsin in Madison, Wisconsin. She earned a B.A. in biological sciences from the University of California, Davis, a Pharm.D. from Creighton University, and an M.S. and Ph.D. in pharmacy administration from Purdue University. Her areas of research focus on identifying and disseminating evidence to prove the worth of community pharmacists in the overall health care system and improving the work life for community pharmacists so that they can focus on patient care. 

McLean W, Gillis J, Waller R. 2003. The BC Community Pharmacy Asthma Study A study of clinical, economic and holistic outcomes influenced by an asthma care protocol provided by specially trained community pharmacists in British Columbia. Can Respir/10 195. 

See (1) HIPAA Privacy Standards A Compliance Manual for Pharmacists. National Association of Chain Drug Stores, Inc., and Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky, and Popeo, P.C., 2003 and (2) Fitzgerald WJ. The NCPA HIPAA Compliance Handbook for Community Pharmacy. National Community Pharmacists Association, 2003. 

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