Acetate-isobutyrate ester

A systematic synthesis of sucrose esters began at the Research Ledaoratories of Tennessee Eastm m,in 1956. Simultaneously, evaluation of these preparations as potential commercial products with special emphasis as components of surface coatings was conducted by the Technical Service and Development Laboratories of Eastman Chemical Products. From this cooperative effort, success came in the form of a very unusual and unique compound, the mixed acetate-isobutyrate ester of sucrose - SAIB. 

Other mixed esters, eg, cellulose acetate valerate [55962-79-3] cellulose propionate valerate [67351-41-17, and cellulose butyrate valerate [53568-56-2] have been prepared by the conventional anhydride sulfuric acid methods (25). Cellulose acetate isobutyrate [67351-38-6] (44) and cellulose propionate isobutyrate [67351-40-0] (45) have been prepared with a 2inc chloride catalyst. Large amounts of catalyst and anhydride are required to provide a soluble product, and special methods of delayed anhydride addition are necessary to produce mixed esters containing the acetate moiety. Mixtures of sulfuric acid and perchloric acid are claimed to be effective catalysts for the preparation of cellulose acetate propionate in dichi oromethane solution at relatively low temperatures (46) however, such acid mixtures are considered too corrosive for large-scale productions. 

Formate Ester 3. Acetate Ester 6. Trichloroacetate Ester 10. Phenoxyacetate Ester 19. Isobutyrate Ester... 

Testosterone is used for growth-promoting purposes in cattle as an subcutaneous implant in the ear, in combination with estradiol or its esters. It is usually administered in the form of its acetate, propionate, or isobutyrate esters. 

Phenylethyl acetate Phenylethyl esters Phenoxyethyl isobutyrate... 

Sucrose Acetate Isobutyrate occurs as a clear, pale yellow, viscous liquid. It consists of a mixture of sucrose esters of acetic and isobutyric acid, with sucrose diacetate hexaisobu-tyrate being the predominant sucrose ester. It is produced through the controlled esterification of sucrose with acetic anhydride and isobutyric anhydride. It is very soluble in essential oils such as orange oil, soluble in ethanol and in ethyl acetate, and very slightly soluble in water. 

Sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB, Scheme 9.3.7) is a mixed sucrose polyester prepared by reaction of sucrose with acetic and isobutyric anhydrides. It is by far the largest industrially utilized sucrose ester and covers food (weighting agent in beverages) as well as non-food applications (gloss and adhesion improvement in lipstick and nail polish, pigment dispersion). ... 

Acetic acid, cellulose ester. See Cellulose acetate Acetic acid, cobalt (2+) salt, tetrahydrate. See Cobalt acetate (ous) Acetic acid, decyl ester, branched. See Cl 0 alkyl acetate Acetic acid, dimethyl-. See Isobutyric acid Acetic acid-1,3-dimethylbutyl ester. See Methyl amyl acetate Acetic acid-2,6-dimethyl-m-dioxan-4-yl ester Acetic acid, ester with 2,6-dimethyi-m-dioxan-4-oi. See 6-Acetoxy-2,4-dimethyl-m-dioxane Acetic acid esters of mono- and digiycerides Acetic acid esters of mono-and digiycerides of fatty acids. SeeAcetylated mono- and digiycerides of fatty acids... 

Synonyms a-D-Glucopyranoside, 0-acetyl-tris-0-(2-methyl-1-oxopropyl)-p-D-fructofuranosyl, acetate tris (2-methyl propanoate) Saccharose acetate isobutyrate SAIB Sucrose acetoisobutyrate Sucrose, diacetate hexaisobutyrate Classification Sucrose derivative Definition Mixed ester of sucrose and acetic and isobutyric acids Empiricai C40H62O19... 

To overcome the dilemma either of crystalline or low-viscosity compounds, the mixed esters were produced and investigated. Several of those were found to produce viscous liquids which would not crystallize. From evaluations in combination with various film-forming polymers, sucrose acetate isobutyrate was selected as producing properties most desirable as a coatings modifier (Figure 1). Of course, there are many possible combinations from the various ratios of acetyl to isobutyryl groups. From a study of this factor, it... 

Thirdly, sucrose acetate-isobutyrate is resistant to discoloration on exposure to heat and ultraviolet light, adding to the quality of the transparentized paper. Despite its liquid form, when used at the correct level, the ester gives a dry feel to the paper. 

In the wet pigment cake flushing method, sucrose acetate-isobutyrate has been found to be much more efficient than other media such as alkyds and oils ordinarily used for this purpose ( ). Very likely, the properties of viscosity, hydrophobicity and the pigment wetting characteristics of this ester, combine to separate the pigment from the water more rapidly and to a higher extent. 

Sucrose acetate-isobutyrate may be emulsified readily with a surfactant mixture having an HLB value of 14, Table IV. The ester is heated to about 70°C and an inversion technique is used to produce an oil-in-water-type emulsion having excellent stability. As interest increases in water-based coatings as a means of reducing air pollution, it is significant that SAIB emulsions may be used in latex-based coatings ( ). 

The physical nature of the acetic, propionic, butyric, isobutyric and valeric esters of sucrose ranges from crystalline solids to low-viscosity liquids. As coatings modifiers, the crystalline compounds have a tendency to form crystals within the film while the liquid compounds cause the film to soften as a plasticizer would do. In the search for a coatings modifier which would perform as an extender, mixed esters were investigated. It was discovered that the completely esterified mixed acetic and isobutyric ester of sucrose produced some unusual properties alone and also when combined with various film formers. A major aspect of sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) is its capability of extending polymers to... 

Completed polymerizations can be terminated at -78°C by introducing a protic material such as methanol or acetic acid in which case the product will have isobutyrate ester termini. Alternatively the mixture can be warmed to room temperature whereupon spontaneous termination occurs to form cyclic ketone ends (2). With THF solvent, isolation of polymer is accomplished by precipitation in water, hexane or methanol depending upon the sorts of contaminants or by-products one wishes to remove or, the polymer solution can simply be stripped free of solvent. 

Citronellol has a fresh rosy odor that finds extensive use in floral fragrances and also in flavors for citrus and other fruit notes. Its improved stability over geraniol, nerol, and linalool makes it particularly useful in fragrances for soaps, detergents, and other household products. The odor of the levorotatory isomer is much finer than that of the racemate. Citronellyl acetate [150-84-5], also known as Cephreine, has a fresh rosy and fruity note and is also a significant perfumery ingredient. The formate, propionate, butyrate, and isobutyrate esters are also used. Citronellol is also important as an intermediate in the synthesis of a number of other aroma chemicals. 

Safflower oil. See Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil Safflower oil, hybrid. See Hybrid safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil Safflower oil monoglyceride. See Safflower glyceride Safflower oil (unhydrogenated) Safflower seed oil. See Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil Sago starch. See Starch SAIB. See Sucrose acetate isobutyrate Sal ammonia Sal ammoniac. See Ammonium chloride Salicylic acid-2-ethylhexyl ester. See 2-Ethylhexyl salicylate Salicylic acid octyl ester. See Octyl salicylate Salicylsulfonic acid. See 5-Sulfosalicylic acid Saline. See Sodium chloride Salmiac. See Ammonium chloride SALP. See Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic Sal soda. See Sodium carbonate Salt. See Sodium chloride Sal tartar. See Sodium tartrate Salt cake. See Sodium sulfate... 

Uses ndReactions. Camphene is used for preparing a number of fragrance compounds. Condensation with acids such as acetic, propionic, isobutyric, and isovaleric produce usehil isobomyl esters. Isobomyl acetate (41) has the greatest usage as a piae fragrance (81). The isobomyl esters of acryhc and methacrylic acids are also usehil ia preparing acryUc polymers. 

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