Floral fragrances

Flophemsyl reagents Floral bouquet Floral foam Floral fragrances Floral odor... 

Trimethylhexyl acetate fragrance, fine fragrances Acetaldehyde phenethyl propyl acetal , 6-Isopropylquinoline fragrance, floral jasmine perfumes Methyl Jasmonate... 

Sandalwood Oil, East Indian. The use of sandalwood oil for its perfumery value is ancient, probably extending back some 4000 years. Oil from the powdered wood and roots of the tree Santalum album L. is produced primarily in India, under government control. Good quaUty oil is a pale yellow to yellow viscous Hquid characterized by an extremely soft, sweet—woody, almost ariimal—balsarnic odor. The extreme tenacity of the aroma makes it an ideal blender—fixative for woody-Oriental—floral fragrance bases. It also finds extensive use for the codistillation of other essential oils, such as rose, especially in India. There the so-called attars are made with sandalwood oil distilled over the flowers or by distillation of these flowers into sandalwood oil. The principal constituents of sandalwood oil are shown in Table 11 (37) and Figure 2. 

Aldehydic Floral Family. This is an important family of fragrances, the typical odor of which is the class odor of the aldehydes. The aldehydes are present in small quantities in nature and have an uimatural brilliance. Although they have sharp, slightly fmity odors alone, they blend beautifully and unexpectedly in florals. 

Woody Family. The perfumer has available many different woody fragrance matetials, both natural and synthetic. Naturals such as sandal, vetivert, cedar, and patchouh often form the bases of these fragrances. They combine iu harmony with sweet notes, florals, and animal accords. 

Famesol is manufactured from nerohdol by isomerization over a vanadium catalyst (55). Famesol occurs in several essential oils, such as ambrette seed, neroh, rose, cyclamen, and jasmine it is also used in floral and oriental fragrances. 

Because the scent of a flower may be due to hundreds of different compounds, it is difficult for perfume manufacturers to duplicate floral scents. Establishing the identities and relative amounts of the components of a fragrance was actually impossible until the development of chromatography. Related techniques are used in forensic laboratories to match samples of fluids, by food manufacturers to test product quality, and to search for evidence of life on other planets. All these techniques depend on subtle differences in intermolecular forces to separate compounds. 

Table 4.2 Selected floral fragrance components of Cypripedium (top panel) and classes of compounds (bottom panel) (after Bergstrom et al., 1992)...

Bergstrom, G., Birgersson, G., Groth, I. and Nilsson, L. A. 1992. Floral fragrance disparity between three taxa of lady s shpper Cypripedium calceolus (Orchidaceae). Phytochemistry 31 2315-2319. 

Floor tiles, asbestos applications, 3 315 Floral bouquet perfumes, 18 357 Floral fragrances, 18 357 Floral odor, 3 228t Florfenicol... 

Uses. Citronellol is one of the most widely used fragrance materials, particularly for rose notes and for floral compositions in general. As flavor material, citronellol is added for bouquetting purposes to citrus compositions. It is the starting material for numerous citronellyl esters and for hydroxydihydrocitronellol, an intermediate in the production of hydroxydihydrocitronellal. 

Dihydromyrcenol is used in fine fragrances as well as in soap and detergent perfumes for fresh lime and citrusy-floral notes. 

It can be synthesized by reaction of a 1 1 molar ratio of ethyl vinyl ether and phenethyl alcohol in the presence of cation exchange resin [141]. It imparts fresh, floral, green notes and is used in fine fragrances as well as in soap, cosmetics and detergents. 

It can be used in almost all perfume types to give elegant floral diffusion without changing the fragrance character. Its stability allows application in soap, toiletries, and household products. 

In plants the 13-hydroperoxide produced from linolenic acid by lipoxygenase (Sect. 23.4.1.2) can be converted to the allene oxide by allene oxide synthase followed by cyclisation, reduction and -oxidation to form jasmonic acid, an important plant growth factor the corresponding methyl jasmonate is a valuable flavour and fragrance compound that imparts a sweet-floral, jasmine-like note... 

Natural esters are widely used by the aroma and fragrance industries because of their fruity or floral taste/odor. Many of them are alkyl esters of formic, acetic, propionic, and butyric acids. The development of an efficient biotechnological process, compatible with the natural label for the products but offering costs comparable to the costs of chemical processes, has been achieved, representing the first application of gas/solid technology on an industrial scale [51]. 

---