Accident prone

In this example, I was extremely lucky to see a classic case of nonfocus receive the necessary cure. Management is usually able to point out problems, but all too often, the solutions seem to elude us, or the problems just never seem to get solved. All too often, one might come across a worker who just seems to be accident prone. 

No managers want this accident-prone worker to be working in their department or on their project because they realize their safety record is in jeopardy. The innovative manager will often find a task for the accident-prone worker to perform at which the likelihood for the worker to get hurt is virtually nonexistent. At the same time, that manager is looking for a way to transfer or get rid of the accident-prone worker as soon as possible. Sometimes termination (voluntary or otherwise) is the final outcome. 

Let me say that accident proneness does not exist. I have used the term in this chapter only because it is a term recognized by most readers. Simply stated, workers who are considered accident prone are those workers who are involved in accidents more often than other workers performing similar activities. Accident-prone workers seem to be involved in these accidents for no particular reason they just happen. I cannot accept this statement, and I do not believe the reader should accept this. People who experience accidents because they are prone to accidents do not exist. Accidents happen for a reason, not because some people are just prone to them. The reasons must be determined and corrected. 

I have long believed that if you properly train and manage workers and provide them with the proper tools to perform their jobs, the workers will be able to perform the most dangerous jobs incident free. In the previous example, Pete had adequate training but lacked focus or awareness of his surroundings. Pete realized that his focus needed to change. Some six months after Pete was incident free, he told me that it helped him to 

The previous example demonstrated that performance evaluations can help build culture in both a union and nonunion atmosphere. Let s go back and try to answer the questions that we asked in the beginning of this section. 

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Short-term exposure. This is the maximum concentration to which workers can be exposed for a period of up to 15 minutes continuously without suffering from (a) intolerable irritation, (b) chronic or irreversible tissue change, or (c) narcosis of sufficient degree to increase accident proneness, impair self-rescue, or materially reduce efficiency, provided that no more than four excursions per day are permitted, with at least 60 minutes between exposure periods, and provided the daily time-weighted value is not exceeded. 

Supervisors are responsible to see that every worker is adequate on the job. Physically, mentally, and emotionally inadequate workers are accident prone. Personal hazards are lack of knowledge, conflict of motives, physical, and mental factors. 

One of the origins of this view of error and accident causation is the theory of accident proneness, which tried to show that a small number of individuals were responsible for the majority of accidents. Despite a number of studies that have shown that there is little statistical evidence for this idea (see, e.g., Shaw and Sichel, 1971) the belief remains, particularly in traditional industries, that a relatively small number of individuals accoimt for the majority of accidents. Another element in the emphasis on individual responsibility has been the legal dimension in many major accident investigations, which has often been concerned with attributing blame to individuals from the point of view of determining compensation, rather than in identifying the possible system causes of error. 

Shaw, L. S., Sichel, H. S. (1971). Accident Proneness, Oxford Pergamon. 

Accident Proneness. Tlie old notion that certain people are accident-prone has been difficult to establish as fact. A more acceptable concept may be "accident liability," which can be related to factors tliat often are temporary and do not depend primarily on persoiuality traits, such as w ork situation or stress. 

For their own benefit, companies record not only injuries but near misses. These are accidents that could have, but did not, result in a lost-time injury Upon analyzing these, problem areas can be discovered and improvements made before a major disaster occurs. It can also be determined which men are accident-prone. 

As noted in the preceding discussion of Sensitivity Data , TNT is comparatively insensitive and safe to handle. Consideration of the compilation of accident data (Ref 3) in Table 10 leads to the same conclusion. It is also noted that no one area is especially accident prone. The incident involving the expin of 10000 lbs is discussed in the section on Preparation portions of the plant were redesigned as a result. A Safety Data Statement (Ref 2) summarizes factors pertinent to its handling, shipping and use... 

I More accident prone, thus more of a risk. 

How the patient feels is not a reliable guide to recovery of skills and drivers may be more than usually accident prone without any subjective feeling of sedation or dysphoria the fact that they feel OK does not mean that they are OK. 

Objective tests show that caffeine may counteract some of the effects of alcohoL However, it does not completely sober up those who have drunk too much, and may even make them more accident-prone. 

Caffeine does appear to improve some of the detrimental effects of alcohol in some psychomotor tests, which is probably why there is a longstanding and time-hallowed belief in the value of strong black coffee to sober up those who have drunk too much. In addition, it is just possible that the time taken to drink the coffee gives the liver just a little more time to metabolise some of the alcohol. However, it seems that it is not effective in all aspects of alcohol impairment, particularly subjective effects. In addition, caffeine does not reduce blood-alcohol levels. Coffee and other sources of caffeine do not make it safe to drive or handle dangerous machinery, and it may even make drivers more accident-prone. 

Only small and clinically unimportant pharmacokinetic interactions occur between most benzodiazepines and beta blockers, but there is some evidence that patients taking diazepam may possibly be more accident-prone while taking metoprolol. An isolated report describes marked bradycardia when an elderly woman taking propranolol started to take clomethiazole. 

Century Research Corp. (1973), Are Some People Accident Prone Century Research Corp., Arlington, VA. 

Dahlback, O. (1991). Accident-proneness and risk-taking. Personality and Individual Differences, 12, 79-85. 

Visser, E., Pijl, Y. J., Stolk, R. P., Neeleman, J., Rosmalen, J. G. M. (2007). Accident proneness, does it exist A review and meta-analysis. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 39, 556-564. 

According to state regulations, most of the mines have been equipped with a safety monitoring system. For the sake of safe production, we need to create a system which can provides us an intuitive, reliable means to command and control coal disasters, offer us simple and scientific decisions to effectively get rid of the coal mine methane disaster, and curb the accident-prone tendency at the same time. 

This paper focuses on the study of human security awareness, self-control and other aspects of human behavior trajectory, from the work environment, the external aspects of the analyze disturbed behavior trajectories to analyze the most accident-prone populations. 

Out of all kinds of methods of preventing accident, BBS (Behavior Based Safety) plays a significant role in the control and improvement of personal behavior, but the time it works lasts too long. BBS cannot satisfy the need of Chinese safety production, as far as the characteristic of instantaneity of accident occurrence and Chinese accident-prone situation are concerned. In fact, BBS is seldom used in Chinese coal mine in order to prevent accident and improve safety. 

A peak sound pressure of above 200 pascals or about 120dB is considered unacceptable and 130dB is the threshold of pain for humans. If a person has to shout to be understood at 2 metres, the background noise is about 85 dB. If the distance is oniy 1 metre, the noise level is about 90dB. Continuous noise at work causes deafness, makes people Irritable, affects concentration, causes fatigue and accident proneness, and may mask sounds which need to be heard in order to work efficientiy and safely. 

L. Shaw and H. S. Sichel published a comprehensive analysis of accident proneness. 

It concluded that many characteristics of behavior change with age, and that it is not true that most accidents are sustained by a small number of people. It examined in detail earlier studies and demonstrated the importance of certain factors such as attention (defined as the ability to choose quickly and perform a correct response to a sudden stimulus), the stability of behavior, and the involuntary control of motor behavior. It supported a study of car drivers— a man drives as he lives —and the conclusion that a bad civil record tends to indicate a bad incident risk. Some recent researchers view accident proneness as being associated with the propensity of individuals to take risks or to take chances. See also Habitual Violator. 

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