Coals Chinese

Kuangzong Q., Shaohui G., and Shuyuan L. (1998) New concept on coal structure and new consideration for the generation mechanism of oil from coal. Chinese Set Bull. 43, 2025-2034. 

Zhang K. Xia J. 2004 Weight-variable identification model of comprehensive evaluation on burst liability of coal. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering 23(20) 3 480-3 483,... 

When completed in 1996, the Weihe plant will gasify 1500 t/day of coal to produce 300,000 t/yr of ammonia, which will be used to manufacture 520,000 t/yr of urea fertilizer. This project is the eighth Texaco oil or coal gasification plant Hcensed by Chinese industry. 

Another example is the high concentrations of SPM, SO2, CO and BaP, which have been recorded in coal-burning households in many Chinese cities. In Shenyang, lung cancer risk is thought to be 50-70% higher among those who spend most of their lives indoors. 

Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan 030001 China Chapter 7... 

Natural gas (NG) was known in England as early as 1659, but did not replace coal gas as an important source of energy in the world until after World War II. Usefulness of NG has been known for hundreds of years. The Chinese discovered a very long time ago that the energy in natural gas could be harnessed, and used to heat water. In the early days of the natural gas industry, the gas was mainly used to light streetlamps, and the occasional house. 

Coal is widely used today in power plants around the world, particularly in India and China, which are the most heavily populated countries in the world. The coal-powered plants cause enormous air pollution. Pollutants from a coal-burning Chinese power plant have been found in the mountains of California, proving that the effects of burning coal are felt not only locally but also worldwide. 

Guo, R., Yang, J. and Liu, Z. (2004) Thermal and chemical stabilities of arsenic in three Chinese coals. Fuel Processing Technology, 85(8-10), 903-12. 

Some whole coals in southwest Guizhou province, China (Xingren county) have up to 32 000 mg kg-1 of arsenic (Dai et al., 2005 Belkin, 1998 Ren et al., 1999). Although these coals are primarily responsible for the arsenic poisoning in the province, they are very localized (Dai et al., 2005), 128 (Dai, Zeng and Sun, 2006). Dai et al. (2005) actually found that 71 whole-seam coals from the western portion of the province contained no more than 11 mg kg-1 of arsenic, which is lower than many other Chinese and American coals (Table 3.22). 

He, B., Liang, L. and Jiang, G. (2002) Distributions of arsenic and selenium in selected Chinese coal mines. Science of the Total Environment, 296(1-3), 19-26. 

Ren, D., Zhao, F., Wang, Y. and Yang, S. (1999) Distributions of minor and trace elements in Chinese coals. International Journal of Coal Geology, 40(2-3), 109-18. 

China alone will contribute a quarter of the increase in C02 emissions or 3.6 billion tons, bringing its total emissions to 6.7 billion tons per year in 2030. However, Chinese emissions will still be well below those of the USA. A projected increase in fossil fuel consumption is largely responsible for fast-paced growth in C02 emissions. Of the fossil fuels, coal and oil account currently for the major part of the total energy-related C02 emissions. Factors such as population growth, rising personal incomes, improved standards of living, and further industrialization are expected to have a... 

Pan, Suixian Cheng, Baozhou Sedimentary Environments of Taiyuan Xishan Coal Basin Ministry of Coal Industry Press Beijing, China, 1987 p 631. (In Chinese, with an English abstract). 

Last year China added 96 gW of new coal-burning power plants—without any C02 cleanup—to its electricity-generating capacity. Today, China is building almost two fossil-fired power plants a week. In 2006, she added 114 gW to her fossil-generating capacity. Last year she burned 2.7 billion tons of coal. This is 75% of the quantity that was projected for 2020. Since 1990, American emissions rose by 18%, whereas Chinese emissions increased by 77%. Because the Chinese economy is three times as "carbon intensive" as the American, dollar for dollar more reduction could be achieved if investments were made to reduce Chinese, instead of American, power plant emissions. 

Huang, Y. (1993). A possible relation between the disseminated gold mineralization and the Late Permian zonation of coal metamorphism in Western Guizhou. Geol. Guizhou (Quarterly) 10(4), 300—307 (in Chinese with English abstract). 

Nie, A., and Xie, H. (2006). A study on Emei mantle plume activity and the origin of high-As coal in southwestern Guizhou Province. Chinese J. Geochem. 25(3), 238—244. 

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