A Look to the Future

There is probably little need for additional primary regulation in either Europe or the United States. However, it is likely that the existing legal instruments such as the Clean Drinking Water Act in the United States and the Water Framework 

Directive in the EU will be applied more explicitly to pharmaceuticals in order to control discharges to the aquatic environment. The environmental risk assessment of active ingredients is likely to become more sophisticated and uniform among Europe, Japan, and North America. However, a referral to the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use is probably premature in view of the rapid scientific developments in this area. Nevertheless, harmonization by ICH is possible within the next 10 years. 

Colbom, T., Dunianoski, D., and Myers, J.P. (1996) Our Stolen Future Are We Threatening Our Fertility, Intelligence, and Survival A Scientific Detective Story, Dutton, New York. 

European Medicines Agency (2007) Guideline on the environmental risk assessment of medicinal products for human use. European Medicines Evaluation Agency Guidance Note. 

UK Environment Agency (2003) Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Environmental Assessment and Appraisal of BAT. Horizontal Guidance Note Hl, UK Environment Agency. 

This chapter also takes a broad, futuristic, and macroview of the chemical industry. We find here ideas that link chemical production to biological processes, the phase out and substitution of the most dangerous chemicals, and the dawn of new means of transforming chemicals at the molecular and submolecular level. 

Joanna D Underwood takes us into the world of commercial products in Section 7.2.2. It is too easy to see the chemical industry as quite distant from the local toy store or furniture maker. However, in a world where commodities are increasingly made from petrochemicals and polymers, which are derived from fossil fuels, the resulting products are often a puree of scores of chemicals, many added to control and tame the reactivity and decomposition of the fuel. Underwood notes how frequently many of these substances are persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic, a combination of factors that when present in domestic products sets ripe conditions for human and ecological harm. She concludes that many of these substances have no place in a sustainable chemical industry. 

Finally, Andrea Larson, in Section 7.3.3, presents a business case for the sustainability of the chemical industry, recognizing that the market is not driven by some invisible hand, but rather by the entrepreneurship and creative capacities of real professionals who daily make decisions about what chemicals to develop and use, what products to make and promote, and what costs will be borne by the public and the environment. It is through guided innovation that chemicals are developed and employed, and where innovation embraces environmental values there are a host of business opportunities for creating a sustainable future. 

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Gabel, D. L. (1999). Improving teaching and learning through chemistry education research A look to the future. Journal of Chemical Education, 76(4), 548-554. 

Bair, W.J., 25th Annual Life Sciences Symposium Radiation Protection, A Look to the Future, Pergamon Press, New York, 1988. 

Corn THE New antidepressants—a look to the future, in Psychopharmacology of Depression. Edited by Montgomery SA, Corn THE. Oxford, England, Oxford University Press, 1994, p 14... 

SUSTAINABLE DIRECTIONS FOR THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY A LOOK TO THE FUTURE... 

A brief review of two of these new directions - chemical stewardship (services) and green chemistry (function) - and then a look to the future, offer illustrations of how the industry may be moved towards sustainability. 

Lee-Lewandrowski E, Lewandrowski K. Point-of-care testing. An overview and a look to the future. Clin Lab Med 2001 21 217-39. 

MassTRIX is Web server for metabolite annotation using exact mass. It was originally developed by Suhre and Schmitt-Kopplin in 2008 and an updated version has been published, which allows additional analysis of transcriptome data supplied as Affymetrix. cel fdes (34,35). The basic functionahty is briefly reviewed here, together with a look to the future. 

It is my purpose to make a few simple points about the Congressional role in the problem before this symposium Congressional procedures work of the Committee on Science and Astronautics the hearings and report on Research in CBR in 1959 response and reactions to that report and finally, a look to the future, if results in Congress are to be obtained. 

Chapter 81 through Chapter 83 are included to provide insight into a representative selection of application types. Space constraints, the complexity of human performance, and the great variety of tasks that can be considered limit the level of detail with which such material can be reasonably presented. Work in all application areas is now benefiting from computer-based tools this is the theme of Chapter 84. The section concludes with a look to the future (Chapter 85), including a summary of selected limitations, identification of some corresponding research and development needs, and speculation regarding the nature of the anticipated evolution of the field. 

DeMarco, F. (2001) A look to the future of nuclear fusion , Universita di Pisa, Conferenza E. Fermi , 5-16 October. ENEA/DISP (1986) Rapporto sugli aspetti di sicurezza e protezione sanitaria dei reattori a fusione , DOC./ DISP/(86) 6, Roma, Die. 

A look to the future is necessary today when designing the heat recovery in case an SCR may be needed in the future or lower pollutant limits will be required or a flue gas cleaning system in case future heat recovery will be implemented. That s probably the real meaning of clean energy . 

In a look to the future, I take the words of Michael J. Dolan, a Senior dce President of Exxon Mobile. Dolan concluded an article on process safety and corporate responsibility with these words ... 

Fuel Reprocessing Chemistry. (From Choppin, G., M.K. Khankhasayev, and H.S. Plendl, eds. 2002. Chemical separations in nuclear waste management, the state of the art and a look to the future. DOE/EM-0591. Institute for the International Cooperative Environmental Research, Florida State University, 96. Columbus, OH Battelle Press.)... 

This review positions acetal homopolymer In civilization s long continued search for new materials. And, beginning with the decade of the 1940 s It traces history through early 1986 in terms of needs, key management decisions, the product line and technical marketing concepts. It concludes with some highlights and a look to the future. 

Geller, E. S., Motivating safety belt use with incentives a critical review of the past and a look to the future, in Advances in Belt Restraint Systems Design, Performance, and Usage, no. 141, Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., Warrendale, PA, 1984. 

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