Zinc citrate

Several agents deUvered via toothpaste inhibit the accumulation of dental calculus. Pyrophosphate salts, with or without a methoxyethylene—maleic acid copolymer, and zinc salts have given positive results in clinical trials (5). Pyrophosphates were added as potassium or sodium pyrophosphate or mixtures at a level of about 2—6%. The zinc salt was zinc citrate [546-46-3] (0.5—2.0%) or zinc chloride [7646-85-7] (2.0%). The products all contained fluoride in addition to the calculus inhibitor. The anticaries activity of the fluoride was not compromised (6). 

An antimicrobial agent that reduces dental plaque and can be deUvered effectively from toothpaste is a combination of Triclosan [3380-34-5] (0.2% in the toothpaste) and zinc citrate (0.5%) (7). This agent influenced plaque accumulation and reduced the incidence of gingival bleeding in clinical tests. Additional dentifrices for improved gingival health are in the offing. 

Stephen KW, Creanor SL, Russell JI, Burchell CK, Huntington E, Downie CFA A 3-year oral health dose response study of sodium monofluorophosphate dentifrices with and without zinc citrate trihydrate anticaries results. Comm Dent Oral Epidemiol 1988 16 321-325. 

Green AK, Horay CP, Lloyd AM, Abraham PJ, Cox TF The effect of a 2% zinc citrate, 0.3% tri-closan dentifrice on plaque acid production following consumption of a snack food. Int Dent J 2003 53 385-390. 

Zinc Citrate, 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarbox -yllc acid zinc salt- Cl2H,4014Znj mol wt 574.32. C 25.09%. H 1.76%, O 39.00%, Zn 34.15%. Znj(C6HsOT)r Prepd from zinc carbonate and citric acid Heldt, Ann. 47, 157 (1843). 

The formulation of zinc used should have good patient acceptance to improve compliance. An easily soluble salt such as a zinc citrate/sulphate mix (Solvazinc ) or a zinc gluconate preparation are preferred to capsules of solid zinc sulphate. The zinc should be taken with food to minimise any gastrointestinal irritation. Dosage, in divided amounts, should be 100-150 mg/day and continued for at least three months or longer. 

Synonyms cas 7646-85-7 butter of zinc tinning glux zinc dichloride zinc muriate Zinc Citrate... 

There was a linear increase in fecal excretion of zinc in proportion to dietary intake in rats fed supplementations of 32 mg zinc/kg/day as zinc oxide for 7-42 days (Ansari et al. 1975) or 50-339 mg/kg/day for 21 days (Ansari et al. 1976). No differences in fecal excretion, total excretion, or retention of zinc were found among rats given diets containing different forms of zinc (Seal and Heaton 1983). Rats receiving 2.65 mg zinc/kg/day as zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, zinc phosphate, or zinc citrate, over a 4-day period excreted 87-98% of intake. 

Citric acid trisodium salt. See Trisodium citrate Citric acid, zinc salt Citric acid, zinc salt (2 3). See Zinc citrate... 

Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, zinc salt. See Zinc citrate... 

Trizinc dicitrate. See Zinc citrate Trizinc diphosphate. See Zinc phosphate Troclosene. See Dichloroisocyanuric acid Troclosene potassium. See Potassium dichloroisocyanurate... 

Thymus hydrolysate Trachea hydrolysate Tuna extract Udder extract Umbilical extract Yeast betaglucan Yeast polysaccharides Yogurt Yogurt filtrate Zinc citrate Zinc DNA Zinc yeast derivative biological additive, emulsions Spleen extract Thymus hydrolysate biological additive, hair care Hydrolyzed conchiorin protein Hydrolyzed fibronectin Hydroxypropyl chitosan Lysine lauroyl methionate biological additive, hand lotions Sodium beeswax... 

L-Tyrosine DL-a-Valine L-Valine Wheat (Triticum vulqare) qerm oil Zinc acetate Zinc citrate Zinc gluconate Zinc methionine sulfate Zinc oxide Zinc stearate Zinc sulfate Zinc sulfate heptahydrate dietary supplement, food special dietary use D-Pantothenamide dietary supplement, gelatin capsules Retinyl palmitate... 

Propylene glycol citrate Zinc citrate 286-542-0 Edesal... 

Antimicrobials with a metallic ion. This class includes water-soluble salts of zinc, copper, or tin. Zinc salts, in particular zinc citrate, are the most widely used in toothpastes. Other sources of zinc ion are zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, and zinc thiocyanate. 

On the other hand, Triclosan is widely used. However, it would seem that the use of only one bactericide in toothpaste may be less effective than the combination of two, such as zinc citrate and Triclosan. Plaque reduction is then improved and gingivitis is retarded. 

Sodium lauryl sulfate Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate Sodium carboxymethylcellulose Trihydrated zinc citrate Triclosan... 

Finely divided zinc citrate is prodnced by reacting with a stoichiometric amount of citric acid (derived from corn) with zinc oxide, ZnO, nnder vigorous agitation snch that the particles (<50 pm) of zinc citrate precipitate. Zinc citrate precipitates and is then separated, purified, and dried. Any remaining citric acid is removed by washing zinc citrate with water [21]. 

The effectiveness of the antimicrobial activity can be enhanced by combining zinc citrate with triclosan [22-24]. Triclosan, or 2,4,4 -trichloro-2-hydroxy diphenyl ether, is an aromatic, trichlorinated synthetic componnd. It can be obtained by reaction of 2,4-dichlorophenol with 2,5-dichloronitrobenzene in the presence of alkali and reduction of the 2,4,4 -trichloro-2 -nitrodiphenyl ether into 2,4,4 -trichloro-2 -aminodiphenyl ether. This is diazotized with sodium nitrite with excess sulfnric acid. After hydrolization, 2,4,4 -trichloro-2 -hydroxydiphenyl ether is extracted with xylene and purified [20-25]. 

---