Gingival bleeding

An antimicrobial agent that reduces dental plaque and can be deUvered effectively from toothpaste is a combination of Triclosan [3380-34-5] (0.2% in the toothpaste) and zinc citrate (0.5%) (7). This agent influenced plaque accumulation and reduced the incidence of gingival bleeding in clinical tests. Additional dentifrices for improved gingival health are in the offing. 

The deficiency state scurvy is characterized by degenerative changes in the capillaries, bone, and connective tissues. Mild vitamin C deficiency symptoms may include faulty bone and tooth development, gingivitis, bleeding gums, and loosened teeth. 

L In most instances, dental plaque can cause erythema and gingival bleeding, but the gingival response can also be exacerbated by a variety of systemic conditions, including diabetes mellitus, leukemia, malnutrition, puberty and pregnancy. 

Assess the patient s gums for eryf hema and gingival bleeding, skin for bruises, and urine for hematuria... 

Defects of platelet adhesion to subendothelium—these causing (a) the Bernard-Soulier syndrome, a rare, autosomal recessive trait which results in severe or even fatal hemorrhagic disease (b) von Willebrand s disease, which presents mucocutaneous problems of bruising, epistaxis, and gingival bleeding and (c) pseudo-von Willebrand s disease, in which platelets bind an increased amount of plasma vWF. 

A 73-year-old woman taking metformin 1000 mg bd and warfarin 5 mg/day developed epistaxis, hematuria, gingival bleeding, a retroperitoneal hematoma, and bilateral perinephric blood with obstruction of both collecting systems (152). She received fresh frozen plasma, vitamin K, 10 mg, and packed erythrocytes. In the next 8 hours she developed a metabolic acidosis... 

There was a fall in platelet count to 4000 x 109/1 in a 78-year-old man who had taken olanzapine 10 mg/day for the last 3 weeks. He had massive spontaneous nasal and gingival bleeding and died from progressive bleeding complications. His plasma olanzapine concentration was 230 ng/ml (about 10 times higher than the usual target concentrations. He had had idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura 13 years before. 

Kimbrough, C. Chun, M. dela Roca, G. Lau, B.H.S. PYCNOGENOL chewing gum minimizes gingival bleeding and plaque formation. Phytomedicine 2002, 9 (5), 410-A13. 

Although phospholipid inclusion bodies commonly occur in the neutrophils of patients taking amiodarone (162), adverse hematological effects have rarely been attributed to amiodarone. However, there have been reports of thrombocytopenia (163) and of impaired platelet aggregation, associated with gingival bleeding and ecchymoses of the legs (164). Coombs -positive hemolytic anemia has also been reported (165). 

A 51-year-old Japanese woman developed gingival bleeding and petechiae. The only medication she had taken was Jui. She had thrombocytopenia and the causal relation was demonstrated by rechallenge. She recovered on withdrawal of the product. 

Facial dermatitis Facial erythema Follicular eczema Generalized edema Gingivitis, bleeding gums Glossitis... 

An increased tendency towards gingival bleeding was noted in a recent 7-year prospective study of smokers who had been given alpha-tocopherol supplementation in comparison with non-receivers. Acetylsalicylic acid further increased the risk of bleeding. 

Increased tendency towards gingival bleeding caused by joint effect of alpha-tocopherol snpplementation and... 

Liede KE, Haukka JK, and Saxen LM (1998) Increased tendency towards gingival bleeding caused by joint effect of alpha-tocopherol supplementation and acetylsalicylic acid. Annals of Medicine 30 542-546. 

Gingival bleeding Glossodynia Oral candidiasis Oral ulceration Oral vesiculation (6%)... 

Mucocutaneous bleeding epistaxis, gingival bleeding with minor manipulation, menorrhagia Easy bruising Postoperative bleeding... 

In a pharmacokinetic study in 15 healthy subjects, the manufacturer noted that the concurrent use of warfarin and oxandrolone 5 or 10 mg twice daily increased the 5-warfarin AUC by 2.65-fold and doubled its half-life, and had similar effects oni -warfarin. Microscopic haematuria occurred in 9 subjects and gingival bleeding in one. A 5.5-fold decrease in warfarin dose (about 80 to 85%) was necessary to maintain a target INR of 1.5. 

Case report (2004) 76-year-old Vy rfarin Patient recently taking more paracetamol for a flare of arthritis INR increase from 2.1 to 7, with haematuria and gingival bleeding 18... 

Case report (1991) 66-year-old Vy rfarin Paracetamol/codeine about 1.6 g daily of paracetamol over 10 days Increase in prothrombin time from range of 15 to 19 up to 96 seconds. Haematuria and gingival bleeding 19... 

The essential oil of Lippia sidoides (rich in thymol and carvacrol) was used in a double blind, randomized, parallel armed study against gingival in ammation and bacterial plaque. Fifty ve patients used a 1% essential oil solution as a mouth rinse twice daily for 7 days, and the results were compared to a positive control, 0.12% chlorhexidine. Clinical assessment demonstrated decreased plaque index and gingival bleeding scores as compared to the baseline, with no signi cant difference between test and control. The essential oil of L. sidoides was considered a safe and effective treatment. 

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