2-Hydroxydiphenyl ether

Several cases have been encountered that show the utility of x-ray powder diffraction as an analytical method for identifying dioxins. An attempt was made to synthesize 2,8-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin by heating the potassium salt of a trichlorinated 2-hydroxydiphenyl ether (3). Surprisingly, the major crystalline product under the initial reaction condi-... 

The synthetic preparation of 2,8-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin was facilitated in that the chemical precursor, 2,4,4 -trichloro-2 -hydroxydiphenyl ether, was available as a pure material. Condensation was induced by heating the potassium salt at 200 °C for 15 hours in bis (2-ethoxyethyl) ether. Product analysis by GLC and mass spectrometry revealed an unexpected dichlorophenol and a monochlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Further, the product initially isolated by crystallization from the reaction mixture was 2,7-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, rather than the expected 2,8-isomer. Cooling of the mother liquor yielded crystalline plates which were shown to be 2,8-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin by x-ray diffraction (Reaction 2). 

The most convenient and successful synthetic preparation of octa-chlorodibenzo-p-dioxin has been described by Kulka (13). The procedure involves chlorination of pentachlorophenol in refluxing trichlorobenzene to give octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in 80% yield. Kulka has explained the reaction as coupling between two pentachlorophenoxy radicals. Large amounts (5—15%) of heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin were observed in the unpurified product. Since the pentachlorophenol used in this study contained 0.07% tetrachlorophenol, we feel that tetrachloro-phenol may be produced in situ (Reaction 4). Such a scheme would be analogous to the formation of 2,4-dichlorophenol and 3-chlorophenol produced from 2,4,4 -trichloro-2 -hydroxydiphenyl ether (Reaction 2). The solubility of octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin was determined in various solvents data are presented in Table II. 

Antimicrobials Silver containing zeolites, 2,4,4 -trichloro-2 -hydroxydiphenyl ether... 

Antimicrobial additives can be used in polymeric materials to prevent or reduce the growth of bacteria and other organisms. A common antimicrobial agent is 2,4,4 -trichloro-2 -hydroxydiphenyl ether also known as triclosan. Its presence can be detected using combined GC/MS (Figures 8 and 9). 

Hydroxy-yV,yV-dimethylbutyramide, see Dicrotophos 2-Hydroxy-3,5-dinitrotoluene, see 2-Methylphenol 2-Hydroxydiphenyl ether, see TCDD 2-Hydroxy-2, 6 -diethylacetanilide, see Alachlor 2-Hydroxy-2, 6 -diethyl-yV-methylacetanilide, see... 

Trichloro-2 hydroxydiphenyl ether 15.1 Controlled-release antimicrobials. 

One of the most widely used antimicrobial products today is 2,4,4 -trichloro-2 -hydroxydiphenyl ether, known more commonly as triclosan (Fig. 15. Id). Triclosan finds extensive use in mouthwashes, toothpastes, liquid hand soaps, deodorant products, and the like. Although it is effective against most bacteria, it has poor antifungal properties. Triclosan is also important as a textile finish, but since its water solubility is very low, aqueous application requires use of dispersing agents and binders. 

C11H20O10 6-0-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-D-glucose 26531-85-1 25.00 1,2794 2 23255 C12H7CI302 2,4,4 -trichloro-2 -hydroxydiphenyl ether 3380-34-5 25.00 1.4510 2... 

The antimicrobial agent most commonly used in light-duty liquid detergents is triclosan (2,4,4/-trichloro-2/-hydroxydiphenyl ether). Other antimicrobial agents such as triclorocarban (TCC) andpara-chloro-meta-xylenol (PCMX) are also used in some products, although to a much lesser extent. 

MW-UV irradiation of 4-tert-butylphenol (4TBP) has also been investigated [137]. Photolysis of this compound furnished 4, 5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxydiphenyl ether (ortho-O) and 5,5 -di-tert-butylbiphenyl-2,2 -diol (ortho-ortho), and 2TBP as... 

Trichloroform. See Chloroform 4,1, 6 -Trichlorogalactosucrose. See Sucralose Trichlorohydrin. See 1,2,3-Trichloropropane 2,4,4 -Trichloro-2 -hydroxydiphenyl ether. See Triclosan... 

The effectiveness of the antimicrobial activity can be enhanced by combining zinc citrate with triclosan [22-24]. Triclosan, or 2,4,4 -trichloro-2-hydroxy diphenyl ether, is an aromatic, trichlorinated synthetic componnd. It can be obtained by reaction of 2,4-dichlorophenol with 2,5-dichloronitrobenzene in the presence of alkali and reduction of the 2,4,4 -trichloro-2 -nitrodiphenyl ether into 2,4,4 -trichloro-2 -aminodiphenyl ether. This is diazotized with sodium nitrite with excess sulfnric acid. After hydrolization, 2,4,4 -trichloro-2 -hydroxydiphenyl ether is extracted with xylene and purified [20-25]. 

Synonyms 2,4,4 -trichloro-2 -hydroxydiphenyl ether CH 3635 Irgasan CH 3635 Irgasan DP 300 Ster-Zac 5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol 2,4,4-trichloro-2-hydroxydiphenyl ether CH-3565 chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol Lexol 300 trichloro-2 -hydroxydiphenyl ether... 

---