Water landfill leachate

Water, groundwater, waste water, landfill leachate Solid-phase extraction activating with methanol dry elute with ethyl acetate/DAIP GC/MS 0.02 pg/L 94 Furtmann 1994... 

The SBP membrane filtration system concentrates contaminants and reduces the volume of contaminated groundwater, surface water, storm water, landfill leachates, and industrial process water. This hyperfiltration system consists of stainless steel tubes coated with a multilayered membrane, which is formed in-place using proprietary chemicals. The membrane filtration system can be used with an SBP bioremediation system or another technology as part of a treatment train. 

River water, landfill leachates and waste water... 

The data is sorted by energy demand tVi-. Half-life time of PFC, PW Pure water, Ar, O2, N2 Experiment in argon, oxygen or nitrogen saturated solution, GW Ground water (landfill leachate), LP Low pressure Hg-Lamp, BDDE Boron-doped diamond electrodes)... 

BPA has been detected in air, sod, water, landfill leachate, and the human body. The chemical has been shown to leach into foods and beverages from some types of food packaging (e.g., polycarbonate containers and epoxy lining of metal cans) and reusable containers (von Goetz et al. 2010). People also may be exposed to BPA through skin contact, inhalation, dental fillings, and occupational exposures. BPA has been found in human serum, mUk, saliva, urine, and amniotic fluid (Vandenberg et al. 2009, 2010, 2012). 

These include wastewater cleanup for electroplating (75—78), radioactive processing (79—82), landfill leachate (76,83), and municipal wastewater (84—87) ultrapure water production for electronics-grade (88,89), laboratory-grade (90), and pharmaceutical-grade (91) materials and food processing (qv) (9). 

Leachate in landfills. Leachate may be defined as hquid that has percolated through sohd waste and has extracted dissolved or suspended materials from it. In most landfills, the liqiiid portion of the leachate is composed of the liquid produced from the decomposition of the wastes and liquid that has entered the landfill from external sources, such as surface drainage, rainfall, groundwater, and water form underground springs. Representative data on chemical characteristics of leachate are reported in Table 25-72. 

Concentrations found in leachate do not necessarily represent the concentrations that would be foimd in the wider environment. Landfill leachate may be treated using on-site water treatment facilities, it may be disposed of directly to the municipal sewer, or, in some cases — for older facilities — it may leach directly out of the landfill into the environment. Even in the latter case, there will be a significant dilution of the landfill leachate upon entering the environment. Resulting environmental concentrations are, therefore, likely to be significantly lower than those reported above. 

The harmful liquid that collects at the bottom of a landfill is known as leachate. The generation of leachate is a result of uncontrolled runoff, and percolation of precipitation and irrigation water into the landfill. Leachate can also include the moisture content initially contained in the waste, as well as infiltrating groundwater. Leachate contains a variety of chemical constituents derived from the solubilization of the materials deposited in the landfill and from the products of the chemical and biochemical reactions occurring within the landfill under the anaerobic conditions. 

The evaluation of risk has underlined the possible adverse effects both on human health after the exposure to drinking water contaminated by landfill leachate and on small rodents and aquatic species at the hypothesized condition for humans, the estimated toxic effects of the raw leachate are mainly due to the levels of ammonia and cadmium and carcinogenic effects are induced by arsenic first and then by PCBs and PCDD/Fs while ecological potential risk is mainly attributable to the concentration of inorganic compounds, in particular ammonia for small rodents, cadmium, ammonia, and heavy metals for fishes. 

Landfill leachate is an important point pollution source to water body, which contains DOM with a large number of unknown molecules that actively involve in biogeochemical and environmental processes (Chin et al. 1997). DOM not only plays an important role in freshwater systems for the mobility of toxic heavy metals and other pollutants but also may itself be a groundwater contaminant (Christensen etal. 1998). 

Christensen, J.B., Jensen, D.L., Gron, C., Filip, Z. et al. 1998. Characterization of the dissolved organic carbon in landfill leachate-polluted groundwanter. Water Research, 32, 125-135. 

Paxe us, N., 2000. Organic compounds in municipal landfill leachates. Water Science and Technology, 42,323- 33. 

Multivariate curve resolution, 6 54—56 Multivariate linear regression, 6 32—35 Multivariate optical elements (MOE), 6 68 Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), 77 48, 49 22 720 26 737. See also Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) Multiwall nanotubes (MWNTs) synthesis of, 26 806 Multiwall fullerenes, 12 231 Multiwall nanotubes (MWNTs), 12 232 Multiwall paper bags, 78 11 Multiway analysis, 6 57-63 Multiyear profitability analysis, 9 535-537 Multiyear venture analysis, 0 537-544 sample, 9 542-S44 Mummification, 5 749 Mumps vaccine, 25 490 491 Mumps virus, 3 137 Municipal biosolids, as biomass, 3 684 Municipal distribution, potential for saline water use in, 26 55-56 Municipal effluents, disposal of, 26 54 Municipal landfill leachate, chemicals found in, 25 876t... 

Timur, H., Ozturk, 1. 1999. Anaerobie sequeneing bateh reaetor treatment of landfill leachate. Water Res 33 3225-3230. 

Tab. 13.5. This reduction rate is based on water inlet concentration and NF-permeate outlet concentration. It has to be kept in mind, however, that part of the COD will also be removed from the system by excess sludge, so that the reduction rate numbers are not indicative for the COD conversion rate. COD reduction in the treatment of industrial wastewater is 95%, while in the treatment of landfill leachates lower elimination rates have been found. However, in the treatment of landfill leachates, the application of NF as the second treatment step increased the COD reduction rate by 9 to 17% compared with the process without NF.

Hexanone is released to water by industrial facilities and at hazardous waste sites. 2-Hexanone was detected in 2 of 3 effluents from coal gasification plants and in 1 of 2 effluents from oil shale processing plants at mean concentrations ranging from 7 to 202 ppb ( jg/L) (Pellizzarri et al. 1979). The compound has also been tentatively identified in 1 of 63 industrial effluents (Perry et al. 1979), the effluent from a chemical plant (Shackelford and Keith 1976), and in one municipal landfill leachate at 0.148 ppm (mg/L) in a study of leachates from 58 municipal and industrial landfills (Brown and Donnelly 1988). 

LaBauve JM, Kotuby-Amacher J, Gambrell RP. 1988. The effect of soil properties and a synthetic municipal landfill leachate on the retention of Ca, Ni, Pb, and Zn in soil and sediment materials. J Water Pollut Control Fed 60 379. 

Phytoremediation is the use of plants to treat or stabilize contaminated soils, sediments, or water. Plants provide and support remediation processes in many ways. Common applications of phytoremediation-based systems include remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater, reuse of municipal wastewater and biosolids, reuse of industrial wastewater and by-products, alternative landfill capping and erosion control, and landfill leachate reuse. 

The ECOCHOICE process can be used for treating drinking water, groundwater, industrial wastewater, landfill leachates, and bio-filter effluent. ECOCHOICE has been used at a groundwater treating operation at a military site in Tennessee to treat nitroaromatics. 

The technology has been demonstrated in pilot-scale and full-scale applications to treat pharmaceutical effluent, oily wastewater, landfill leachate, tanneries effluent, contaminated ground-water, and food effluents. ZenoGem is patented and commercially available. 

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