Landfill leachate, water treatment

Timur, H., Ozturk, 1. 1999. Anaerobie sequeneing bateh reaetor treatment of landfill leachate. Water Res 33 3225-3230. 

Bauer MJ, Hermann R, Martin A, et al. 1998. Chemodynamics, transport behaviour and treatment of phthalic acid esters in municipal landfill leachates. Water Sci Technol 38(2) 185-192. 

Chiang, L. C., Chang, J. E. and Wen, T. C. (1995) Indirect oxidation effect in electrochemical oxidation treatment of landfill leachate. Water Res. 29, 671-678. 

Concentrations found in leachate do not necessarily represent the concentrations that would be foimd in the wider environment. Landfill leachate may be treated using on-site water treatment facilities, it may be disposed of directly to the municipal sewer, or, in some cases — for older facilities — it may leach directly out of the landfill into the environment. Even in the latter case, there will be a significant dilution of the landfill leachate upon entering the environment. Resulting environmental concentrations are, therefore, likely to be significantly lower than those reported above. 

Tab. 13.5. This reduction rate is based on water inlet concentration and NF-permeate outlet concentration. It has to be kept in mind, however, that part of the COD will also be removed from the system by excess sludge, so that the reduction rate numbers are not indicative for the COD conversion rate. COD reduction in the treatment of industrial wastewater is 95%, while in the treatment of landfill leachates lower elimination rates have been found. However, in the treatment of landfill leachates, the application of NF as the second treatment step increased the COD reduction rate by 9 to 17% compared with the process without NF.

The SBP membrane filtration system concentrates contaminants and reduces the volume of contaminated groundwater, surface water, storm water, landfill leachates, and industrial process water. This hyperfiltration system consists of stainless steel tubes coated with a multilayered membrane, which is formed in-place using proprietary chemicals. The membrane filtration system can be used with an SBP bioremediation system or another technology as part of a treatment train. 

Bigot V, Luck F, Paillard H, Wagner A (1994) Evaluation of advanced oxidation processes for landfill leachate treatment, in Proceedings of the international ozone symposium Application of ozone in water and wastewater treatment , Bln A K (ed.) Warsaw Poland May 26-27 330-343. 

Kaulbach R (1996) Ozone technology for waste water treatment AOX and COD removal from landfill leachates with ozone and Radical Reactions in Clausthaler Umwelt-Akademie Oxidation of Water and Wastewater, Vogelpohl A (Hrsg.), Goslar 20.-22. Mai. 

Kim, S.M., Geissen, S.U., and Vogelpohl, A., Landfill leachate treatment by a photo-assisted Fenton reaction, Water Sci. Technol., 35(4), 239-248, 1997. 

Table 5 shows the HMBC of 7 MSW landfill leachates for copper, zinc and mercury. These data indicate that the MSW landfill leachate metal binding capacity was relatively high and was site-specific. HMBCs for the MSW leachate samples ranged from of 2.9 to 114.9, 4.9 to 45.2, and 3.6 to 100.8 for HMBC-Cu+2, HMBC-Zn+2, and HMBC-Hg+2, respectively. Comparatively, much lower HMBC values were obtained for other environmental samples, such as lake water (Lake Alice and Lake Beverly) and a wastewater treatment plant effluent (data not shown). 

Sletten, R.S., Benjamin, M.M., Homg, J.J. and Ferguson, J.F. (1995) Physical-chemical treatment of landfill leachates for metals removal, Water Research 29, 2376-2386. 

Landfill leachate is rainwater that has percolated through landfill wastes. It dissolves numerous compounds, many of them toxic. Modern landfills have containment and treatment procedures to prevent this diffuse source of pollution from contaminating ground water. 

Urase, X. et al.. Effect of high concentration of organic and inorganic matter in landfill leachate on the treatment of heavy metals in very low concentration level. Water Sci. Technol, 36(12, Water Quality Conservation in Asia), 349, 1997. 

Peters, X.A., Effective treatment of landfill leachate. Clear water yields of more than 95% with DX module technique for reverse osmosis and nanofiltration, Umwelt-Technol AktuelL, 26, 42, 1996. 

Ozone-based AOPs are being used increasingly to treat landfill leachates. " They are also used for ground-water treatment to destroy trichloroethylene (TCE), tetrachloroethylene, and pentachlorophenol. In addition, they are used for groundwater remediation at Superfund sites in the United States to destroy volatile organic compounds and benzidines. Another application of ozone-based AOPs involves their use at U.S. ammunition plants to destroy explosives. ... 

Such natural services may be interrupted in other ways. If the chemical or sewage plant upstream puts something toxic into the stream that the water treatment plant of the city downstream cannot remove by standard treatments, a new water supply or a new treatment method will have to be found at increased cost. In earlier years before the toxicity of the polychlorinated biphenyls was fully appreciated, General Electric released enough of them into the Hudson River north of Albany, New York that the whole Hudson River from Hudson Falls to New York City is now a Superfund site.7 Fishermen are advised not to eat the fish that they catch. It is not always easy to calculate the cost of a fishery lost to toxic heavy metal ions or acids draining out of a mine site.8 One settlement, involving a salmon fishery in a river in Idaho, was for 60 million dollars. The Exxon Valdez oil spill in Alaska cost Exxon 3 billion dollars. The persons whose wells become contaminated by leachate from the nearby landfill will face the costs of bringing water from a distance. This was a cost that was not included when the landfill was built. The U. S. National Research Council has recommended that the U. S. Department of Commerce resume development of a method to better measure environmental costs.9... 

Lema JM, Mendez R, Blazques R (1988) Characteristics of landfill leachates and alternatives for their treatment A review. Water Air Soil Pollut 40, 223-250. 

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