Vitamin whole grains

There is usually no need to supplement with specific vitamins. Patients should be encouraged to eat a well balanced diet and should also take a multivitamin and mineral supplement. Some clinicians recommend vitamins C and E for their antioxidant properties however, no significant improvements have been shown compared to placebo. Encourage patients to eat a diet rich in vitamin C and E (i.e., bright colored fruits and vegetables, nuts, and whole grains). Metabolism of levodopa may cause elevated homocysteine concentrations that... 

Before taking final leave of the vitamins, let s note that, for vitamin after vitamin, good sources have been green vegetables, fruits, whole-grain products, milk, and meat. Mother was right eat a balanced diet and include plenty of veggies and fruits. 

Although some compounds of selenium are poisonous, as an element it is essential in trace amounts for humans. It is recommended that 1.1 to 5 milligrams of selenium be included in the daily diet. This amount can be maintained by eating seafood, egg yokes, chicken, milk, and whole grain cereals. Selenium assists vitamin E in preventing the breakdown of cells and some chemicals in the human body. 

Pantothenic acid is traditionally considered to be vitamin B substance. It is widely distributed in meat, legume and whole grain cereals, egg, milk, vegetables and fruit. 

Pantothenate deficiency is rare, occurring only in cases of severe malnutrition characteristic symptoms include vomiting, intestinal distress, insomnia, fatigue and occasional diarrhoea. Pantothenate is widespread in foods meat, fish, poulty, whole-grain cereals and legumes are particularly good sources. Although no RDA or RNI value has been established for panthothenate, safe and adequate intake of this vitamin for adults is estimated to be 3-7 mg day-1. Pantothenate is non-toxic at doses up to 10 g day-1. 

Vitamins B6, B12, and folate An elevated plasma homocysteine level is associated with increased cardiovascular risk (see p. 263). Homocysteine, which is thought to be toxic to the vascular endothelium, is converted into harmless amino acids by the action of enzymes that require the B vitamins—folate, B6 (pyridoxine), and B12 (cobalamin). Ingesting foods rich in these vitamins can lower homocysteine levels and possibly decrease the risk of car diovascular disease. Folate and B6 are found in leafy green veg etables, whole grains, some fruits, and fortified breakfast cereals. B12 comes from animal food, for example, meat, fish, and eggs. 

These nutrients help your body absorb and use food. They also influence gland secretion and maintain a proper balance in your body s chemistry. Fruits, vegetables, meats, dairy products, and whole grain or enriched breads and cereals supply you with essential vitamins and minerals. If you eat a balanced diet containing a variety of fresh and unprocessed food, you probably don t need extra vitamins or minerals. However, if you are neglecting a portion of your diet, see your doctor about a supplement. 

Thiamin is important as a component of the coenzyme thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP) (cocarboxylase). Good sources are lucerne, grains and yeast. A deficiency is less frequently encountered than deficiencies of other vitamins, since thiamin occurs in abundance in whole grains which make up the major part of poultry diets. A diet deficient in thiamin results in nervous disorders in both young and old birds, and eventual paralysis of the peripheral nerves (polyneuritis). 

Because it is difficult to determine this vitamin in foods, there is a scarcity of information on its occurrence. Recent data establish the level in milk as 0.54 mg per liter. Other sources are meats, liver, vegetables, whole grain cereals, and egg yolk. 

The vitamin niacin (nicotinic acid, C6H5N02) can be isolated from a variety of natural sources such as liver, yeast, milk, and whole grain. It also can be synthesized from commercially available materials. From a nutritional point of view, which source of nicotinic acid is best for use in a multivitamin tablet Why ... 

While there s no question that a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can very effectively lower blood pressure, the same can t be said for vitamin supplements. At the least, clinical trials have come up with mixed results and aren t very encouraging. 

Vitamin (thiamine) prevents the disease or symptoms of beriberi. Food sources for this vitamin are meats, wheat germ, whole grain and enriched bread, legumes, peanuts, peanut butter, and nuts. 

Vitamin K is obtained from food sources such as alfalfa (also containing vitamin E which promotes absorption of vitamin K), kelp, all green leafy vegetables, tomatoes, cabbage, spinach, whole grain cereals and milk. 

Pyridoxine is available from whole-grain cereals, peanuts, com, meat, poultry, and fish. Up to 40% of the vitamin may be destroyed, however, during cooking. Food sources contain all three forms, cither in their free form or phosphory-lated. Plants contain primarily pyridoxol and pyridoxaminc, while animal sources provide chiefly pyridoxal. Many plants also contain a glycoside of pyridoxol. which is included in vitamin content determinations. Although this conjugate is absorbed, it is not u.sed well. This may explain the lower bioavailability of the vitamin from plant sources than from animal sources. 

Kellogg s Special K Blueberry Cereal (specialk.eom/ /products)— provides whole grains with dried blueberry pieces and puree in a cereal fortified with excellent percentages of daily values for dietary fiber, vitamins A, C, and D, six B vitamins, and four essential minerals other superfruits featured are strawberry, raisin, cranberry, and elderberry in cereals or nutrition bars... 

Your goal should be to involve whole fruits in your meals from the beginning of each day. Whole-grain bread or cereal with pieces of superfruits would be ideal. Simply heat up a bowl of oatmeal, add some low-calorie yogurt fortified with vitamin D and omega fats, toss in a few pieces of your favorite superfruit, and enjoy. Now you re ready to tackle the morning. Refer to Chapter 6 for breakfast recipes and smoothie recipes, which are super ways to launch yourself into the day. 

Dietary sources of calcium are dairy products, eggs, green leafy vegetables, broccoli, legumes, nuts, and whole grains. (Less than 30% of calcium in food is absorbed.) Calcium is absorbed in the small intestine. The amount of absorption depends on the serum calcium level and availability of vitamin D. There is reduced absorption of calcium if there is a high serum calcium level or a low vitamin D level. 

The grain is surrounded by a live-layer coat called bran that makes up 15% of the mass of the whole grain. It is rich in B vitamins and contains about 50% of the total mass of minerals of the grain. The bran consists of cellulose and is indigestible for humans. It is separated during flour production and used as animal fodder. 

Major dietary sources of calcium are milk and dairy products, such as cheese and yogurt. Cow s milk contains 120 mg of Ca + per deciliter (30 mmol/L) and is now usually supplemented with vitamin D. Sardines (and other small fish whose bones are consumed) and soybean products can provide significant amounts of calcium. Soybean curd, known as tofu and eaten widely in China and Japan, contains 128 mg of Ca " " per 100 g. Dark green leafy vegetables, legumes, nuts, and whole-grain cereal products contribute to dietary calcium. 

The principal dietary sourees include fish, lean meat (espeeially pork), milk, poultry, dried yeast, and whole-grain cereals. Bread, cereals, and flour-based products are frequently enriched with this vitamin. Thiamine is present in the outer layers of rice grains, from which it was first identified. Deficiency is common in Asian countries where polished rice is the principal dietary staple. The RDA depends on energy intake. 

Niacin (nicotinic acid pyridine-3-carboxylic acid) and nicotinamide are precursors of NAD+ and NADP+ (Figure 38-19). Niacin occurs in meat, eggs, yeast, and whole-grain cereals in conjunction with other members of the vitamin B group. Little is known about absorption, transport, and excretion of niacin and its coenzyme forms. A limited amount of niacin can be synthesized in the body from tryptophan, but it is not adequate to meet metabolic needs. 

Because vitamin E (found in vegetable and seed oils, whole grains, and green, leafy vegetables) is lipid-soluble, it plays an important role in protecting membranes from lipid peroxyl radicals. 

Vitamin E in Cereal Germs (Whole Grains) Thiamine (Bi) inWhole Grain and Enriched Produ (B2), Folate in EnricI Foods, Niacin in Enr Fortified Products ... 

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