Elevation causes

Shear stress A risk factor for pressure ulcers that is generated when the head of a patient s bed is elevated, causing deeper blood vessels to crimp, which leads to ischemia. 

The role of peroxynitrite in the nerve degeneration causing multiple sclerosis (MS) has been brought into focus with the observation that patients with gout hardly ever develop MS, suggesting that the chronic uric acid elevation causing gout also prevents the development of MS. 

Alcoholic ketoacidosis is characterized by anion gap metabolic acidosis and elevated levels of beta-hydroxybutyrate and, to a lesser extent, ace-toacetate. The osmolar gap may also be elevated, causing this condition to be mistaken for methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning. 

Beyond individual considerations of the involvanent of certain hepatic transporters, like BSEP, and mitochondrial dysfunction on DILI, it is important to consider why these two risk factors can contribute so much to the manifestation of severe DILI in humans (Aleo et al., 2014). Bile acids, in general, appear to represent a more reliable marker of hepatic dysfunction regarding excretory abnormalities than serum bilirubin. Elevations in total bile acids can precede evidence of liver damage (as diagnosed by serum transaminase and bilirubin elevations) caused by hepatotoxic drugs by upward of 1 week (Fattinger et al., 2001). In order to explain this association, it is important to understand the intricate interactions between mitochondrial bioenergetics and transporter function within the liver. 

Deramond H, Wright NT, Belkoff SM Temperature elevation caused by bone cement polymerization during vertebroplasty. Bone 1999 25 17S-21S. 

The capillary charge Q can be calculated by Eqn. (3.57). Since the interface elevation caused by the wall is zero and the elevation caused by the floating particle is negligibly small, the term can be ignored. In addition, Xjf. is small due to the small size and weight of the particle. As a result, Eqn. (3.57) can be reduced to Eqn. (3.60). 

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