Vaccine administration

Form Completed By To be used by parents/guardians, vaccine manufacturers/distributors, vaccine administrators, and/or the person completing the form on behalf of the patient or the health professional who administered the vaccine. 

The most frequent adverse effects are local reactions at the injection site (pain, tenderness, erythema, swelling, and pruritus), fevers (greater than 37.5°C or 99.5°F), headaches, dizziness, and irritability. Anaphylaxis and hypersensitivity reactions have been reported rarely and occur within a few hours after vaccine administration. In rare instances, a serum sickness-like apparent hypersensitivity syndrome (arthralgia, urticaria, ecchymoses, erythema multiforme, and erythema nodosum) has been... 

A clear cause-and-effect relationship between vaccine administration and chronic diseases, such as diabetes melli-tus, multiple sclerosis, and chronic arthritis, has never been scientifically proven. 

Kohl KS, Marcy SM, Blum M, et al. Fever after immunization current concepts and improved future scientific understanding. Clin Infect Dis 2004 39 389-394. MacKay IR, Rosen FS. Vaccines and vaccination. N Engl J Med 2001 345 1042-1053. Moylett EH, Hanson IC. Mechanistic actions of the risks and adverse events associated with vaccine administration. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004 114 1010-1020. Rhee P, Nunley MK, Demetriades D, et al. Tetanus and trauma a review and recommendations. J Trauma 2005 58 1082-1088. Weber DJ, Rutala WA. Immunization of immunocompromised persons. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2003 23 605-634. 

Assessment for influenza and pneumococcal vaccine administration and assessment and management of other cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., smoking and antiplatelet therapy) are components of sound preventive medicine strategies. 

If a patient has been exposed to rabies, the treatment objectives consist of thorough irrigation of the wound, tetanus prophylaxis, antibiotic prophylaxis (if indicated), and immunization. Postexposure prophylaxis immunization consists of both passive antibody administration and vaccine administration. 

General contraindications to vaccine administration include a history of anaphylactic reaction to a previous dose or an unexplained encephalopathy occurring within 7 days of a dose of pertussis vaccine. Immunosuppression and pregnancy are temporary contraindications to live vaccines. Whenever possible, transplant patients should be immunized before transplantation. Live vaccines generally are not given after transplantation. 

The pharmacogenomics analysis of samples from a clinical study with an aluminum hydroxide-adsorbed vaccine (diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis/polio/ Haemophilus influenzae) in infants is described. These instructions can easily be adapted to clinical studies of other vaccines with changes to the type of administered vaccine, administration route, vaccination ages, and so on. This method is therefore also suitable for assessing vaccine responses in adults and to study the cellular reactions in clinical subjects who have experienced adverse reactions. 

The mandate for insurance coverage addressed two concerns. First, absent a mandate, vaccination rates are likely to be suboptimal second, by establishing a uniform system, the administrative burdens on physicians offices would be reduced and, coupled with a specific payment for vaccine administration, greater numbers of physicians would supply vaccinations. All public and private insurers would be required to cover specific types of vaccinations for specific populations as recommended by a public body, such as a modified ACIP. Insurers in turn would purchase vaccines and pay physicians for vaccine administration. 

All health plans would receive a fixed-dollar subsidy for vaccine purchase and vaccine administration. The committee specified that the fixed-dollar subsidy be made a function of the social benefit of the vaccine for the groups for which the vaccine was mandated, but the subsidy would not necessarily equal the full social value. The subsidy would not reflect R D or on production costs. Although insurance coverage for particular vaccines... 

Rabies Rabies immune globulin 20 IU/kg. The full dose should be infiltrated around the wound and any remaining volume should be given IM at an anatomic site distant from vaccine administration. Postexposure rabies prophylaxis in persons not previously immunized with rabies vaccine. Must be combined with rabies vaccine. 

Williams, J., Fox-Ley va, L., Christensen, C., Fisher, D., Schlicting, E., Snowball, M. etal. (2000) Hepatitis A vaccine administration comparison between jet-injector and needle injection. Vaccine, 18,1939-1943. 

In addition to sharing a lead role in the ESF 6, the American Red Cross is named as a support agency in several other emergency support functions, including ESF 8, health and medical. This could involve activities such as providing logistic support for vaccine administration or adapting usual shelter services in catastrophic situations (such those that existed after Hurricane Katrina). 

Identify contact personnel within your department who will assume responsibility for communication with vaccine administration partners (e.g., local health departments). 

The Hexavalent Study Group has compared the immuno-genicity and safety of a new liquid hexavalent vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, hepatitis B, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (DTP + IPV + HB + Hib vaccine, manufactured by Aventis Pasteur MSD, Lyon, France) with two reference vaccines, the pentavalent DTP -I- IPV -i- Hib vaccine and the monovalent hepatitis B vaccine, administrated separately at the same visit (9). Infants were randomized to receive either the hexavalent vaccine (n = 423) or (administered at different local sites) the pentavalent and the HB vaccine (n = 425) at 2, 4, and 6 months of age. The hexavalent vaccine was well tolerated (for details, see the monograph Pertussis vaccines). At least one local reaction was reported in 20% of injections with hexavalent vaccine compared with 16% after the receipt of pentavalent vaccine or 3.8% after the receipt of hepatitis B vaccine. These reactions were generally mild and transient. At least one systemic reaction was reported in 46% of injections with hexavalent vaccine, whereas the respective rate for the recipients of pentavalent and HB vaccine was 42%. No vaccine-related serious adverse event occurred during the study. The hexavalent vaccine provided immune responses adequate for protection against the six diseases. 

Juvenile chronic polyarthropathy (62) and reactive arthritis (63) have been attributed to hepatitis B vaccine. Erythema nodosum and polyarthritis occurred the day after Engerix-B vaccine administration (64). The authors referred to reports of three other cases of polyarthritis in the literature. 

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