Aventis Pasteur

However, despite their practical and societal value, vaccines remain only a small component of the global pharmaceutical market ( 5 billion out of 350 billion sales in 2000). The vaccine market is dominated by just four large manufacturers GlaxoSmithKline, Aventis Pasteur, Wyeth, and Merck Co. There is, however, a strong resurgence of interest in vaccines, with a growing cluster of small vaccine companies and biotech hrms, led by Chiron. 

Hexavac (combination vaccine, containing rHBsAg produced in S. cerevisiae as one component) Aventis Pasteur Immunization against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B, polio and Haemophilus influenzae type b... 

Second, the vaccine industry is small and unstable. It basically consists of four major pharmaceutical firms many smaller, older vaccine manufacturers and a number of biotech firms. In 2001, the dominant vaccine manufacturers in the U.S. market were Merck, Aventis Pasteur, Glaxo, and Wyeth-Ayerst (now Wyeth). Annual vaccine sales for these four firms are in the 1 billion range for each of the first three companies and around 500 million for Wyeth. Recent reports, such as those on the shortage of influenza vaccine, indicate that these firms confront a number of problems in vaccine production. A number of smaller firms hold FDA licenses for vaccines based on technology from earlier eras and face disincentives, including prohibitively high capital costs, to upgrade production capabilities to... 

FIGURE 7 Overlay of chromatograms after repeated cleaning-purification cycles. The purification performance shows consistency after I, I0, 20, 30, and 40 purification and cleaning cycles. (Courtesy of R. McMaster, Aventis Pasteur.)... 

FIGURE 10 Optimization of elution salt step for a recombinant vaccine protein purification. A step elution ladder with increments of 100 m M salt for 5 min durations, from 0 to I /VI was used MA, Sartobind Q-15 (anionic 100 cm2). Load conditions double load, 15 m/VI Tris, pH 8.1 flow rate 5 mL/ min. Most of the vaccine protein elutes in the 200 m/VI salt step. FT indicates the flow through peaks. (Courtesy of R. McMaster, Aventis Pasteur.)... 

The Hexavalent Study Group has compared the immuno-genicity and safety of a new liquid hexavalent vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, hepatitis B, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (DTP + IPV + HB + Hib vaccine, manufactured by Aventis Pasteur MSD, Lyon, France) with two reference vaccines, the pentavalent DTP -I- IPV -i- Hib vaccine and the monovalent hepatitis B vaccine, administrated separately at the same visit (9). Infants were randomized to receive either the hexavalent vaccine (n = 423) or (administered at different local sites) the pentavalent and the HB vaccine (n = 425) at 2, 4, and 6 months of age. The hexavalent vaccine was well tolerated (for details, see the monograph Pertussis vaccines). At least one local reaction was reported in 20% of injections with hexavalent vaccine compared with 16% after the receipt of pentavalent vaccine or 3.8% after the receipt of hepatitis B vaccine. These reactions were generally mild and transient. At least one systemic reaction was reported in 46% of injections with hexavalent vaccine, whereas the respective rate for the recipients of pentavalent and HB vaccine was 42%. No vaccine-related serious adverse event occurred during the study. The hexavalent vaccine provided immune responses adequate for protection against the six diseases. 

Hepatitis B surface antigen Monomer consists of 226amino acids Engerix B (SmithKIine Beecham) HB-Vax II (Aventis Pasteur) Yeast Mammalian cells Vaccination... 

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