University research article

RONALD W. MISSEN is Professor Emeritus (Chemical Engineering) at the University of Toronto. He received his B.Sc, and M.Sc. in chemical engineering from Queen s University, Kingston, Ontario, and his Ph.D. in physical chemistry from the University of Cambridge, England. He is the co-author of CHEMICAL REACTION EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS, and has authored or co-authored about f 50 research articles. He is a fellow of the Chemical Institute of Canada and the... 

BRADLEY A. SAVILLE is an Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering at i the University of Toronto. He received his B.Sc. and Ph.D. in chemical engi-neering at the University of Alberta. He is the author or co-author of over 25 research articles on enzyme kinetics, pharmacokinetics, heterogeneous reactions in biological systems, and reactors for immobilized enzymes. He is a member, of the Chemical Institute of Canada, the Canadian Society of Chemical Engineering, and Professional Engineers Ontario. 

Some 40 research articles resulted from Tipson s 18 years at the Mellon Institute, and they demonstrate that he was able to sustain some of his interest in carbohydrate chemistry, and he continued to study the reactions of sulfonic esters with sodium iodide. In 1945 he compiled his published work into a senior thesis for the D.Sc. degree that was awarded by the University of Birmingham. However, a considerable proportion of the research at the Mellon Institute was never published because of patent restrictions. This was particularly true for his work on carbohydrates and other organic compounds conducted after July 1952, when he was assigned to the Parke, Davis and Company Fellowship in Medicinal Chemistry to synthesize potential antiviral and anticancer agents. 

Research articles of interest to biochemists may appear in many types of research journals. Research libraries do not have the funds necessary to subscribe to every journal, nor do scientists have the time to survey every current journal copy for articles of interest. Two publications that help scientists to keep up with published articles are Chemical Titles (published every 2 weeks by the American Chemical Society) and the weekly Current Contents available in hard copy and computer disks (published by the Institute of Science Information). The Life Science edition of Current Contents is the most useful for biochemists. The computer revolution has reached into the chemical and biochemical literature, and most college and university libraries now subscribe to computer bibliographic search services. One such service is STN International, the scientific and technical information network. This on-line system allows direct access to some of the world s largest scientific databases. The STN databases of most value to life scientists include BIOSIS Pre-views/RN (produced by Bio Sciences Information Service covers original research reports, reviews, and U.S. patents in biology and biomedicine), CA (produced by Chemical Abstracts service covers research reports in all areas of chemistry), MEDLINE, and MEDLARS (produced by the U.S. National Library of Medicine and Index Medicus, respectively cover all areas of biomedicine). These networks provide on-line service and their databases can be accessed from personal computers in the office, laboratory, or library. Some... 

Michael Charlton obtained his degree and Ph.D. from University College London. In 1983 he was awarded a Royal Society University Research Fellowship, held at UCL. From 1991 to 1999 he was a Reader in Physics at UCL and was appointed to the Chair in Experimental Physics at the University of Wales, Swansea in 1999. Professor Charlton has published over one hundred research articles and written several reviews, notably for Reports on Progress in Physics and Physics Reports. 

John Watkin Humberston was an undergraduate at Manchester University and obtained his Ph.D. from University College London. From 1965 to 1966 he taught at Trinity College Dublin and became a Lecturer at UCL in 1966, where he subsequently became Senior Lecturer, Reader and Professor. During this time he had sabbatical leave at the Goddard Space Flight Center, USA, and at York University, Toronto, Canada. Professor Humberston has written numerous research articles, published mainly in Journal of Physics B, as well as several review articles in Advances in Atomic and Molecular Physics and in Physics Reports. 

The toxicology of cyanide and its treatment modahties have been extensively discussed by many authors (Vennesland e/ u/., 1981 Way, 1984 Ballantyne and Marrs, 1987 Gonzales and Sabatini, 1989 Borowitz et al, 1992 Salkowski and Penney, 1994 Marrs et al, 1996 Baskin and Brewer, 1997). Additionally, over the years thousands of research articles on cyanide have appeared. Cyanide and its effects, being such an old poison, seem to be known universally. But most of the crucial molecular mechanisms underlying cyanide toxicity have been elucidated only in the recent past (Gunasekar et al, 1996 Sun et al, 1997 ... 

Dr. Huzoor-Akbar, Ph. D., is an Associate Professor of Pharmacology at Ohio University. He has published numerous research articles and received several research grants over the years. He is a member of the American Society of Pharmacology Experimental Tlierapeutics. His current research is focused on a) the biochemistry of altered blood platelet sensitivity in hypertension, b) the role of methy-lation phosphorylation of G-proteins in platelet fhnction. 

In most situations the industrial sponsor should try to agree to publication of Background and University Technical Information (subject to prior review by both parties). To circumvent the "academic freedom" obstacle (and protect valuable research developments), corporate sponsors of university research should request the right to review papers or articles by university scientific personnel pertaining to the Sponsored Research field sufficiently in advance of the time they are to be submitted for publication. The advance review period should afford the corporate party adequate time to evaluate the proposed publication for the presence of patentable subject matter or Corporate Technical Information. Publication of an invention prior to filing a patent application can bar most foreign patent protection (e.g. European Patent Convention Article 54) and disclosure. 

AN FONIO VIOLANTE, FASA, FSSSA, is Professor of Soil Chemistry in the Department of Soil, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Naples hcderico II, Italy. Dr. Violante has authored or coauthored more than 150 refereed research articles, book chapters, and invited reviews, and has coedited six bks. 

Dr. Violante is the author or coauthor of 167 refereed research articles and book chapters and invited reviews, and has coedited six books. He has also presented papers at many scientific congresses and symposia and has given invited lectures at universities and research institutes worldwide. He has international research and teaching experience in Canada, the United States, Europe, China, and Chile. He is a Fellow of the Soil Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy. 

Sarfaraz K. Niazi is the Chief Executive Officer of Pharmaceutical Scientist, Inc., Deerfield, Illinois, and is a consultant to the pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical industry worldwide. The author of more than fifteen major texts in the field of pharmaceutical sciences and over 100 research articles. Dr. Niazi received the M.S. degree in biopharmaceutics in 1971 from Washington State University, Pullman, Washington in 1971 and the Ph.D. degree in pharmacokinetics in 1974 from the University of Illinois, Chicago. He is also licensed to practice before the US patent and Trademark Office and owns several US patents for his inventions. 

These chemical research articles—written in journals of different countries—show that the symbols for the chemical elements are a universal language through which chemists can communicate worldwide. 

Ajit Thakkar, bom in Poona, India in 1950, left home at 17 to explore the West. A circuitous route led him to Queen s University in Kingston, Ontario. A summer job programming calculations of virial coefficients and transport cross-sections using FORTRAN IV, dreadful JCL, and punched cards on an IBM 360/50 drew him to computational chemistry. In 1976, he completed a Ph.D. in theoretical chemistry guided by Vedene Smith and influenced by Robert Parr. His faculty career began at the University of Waterloo and, since 1984, continued at the idyllic Fredericton campus of the University of New Bmnswick. He is now a University Research Professor, and author of more than 200 articles on molecular properties, electron densities and intermolecular forces. 

Another major contribution of Professor Atta-ur-Rahman is the establishment of H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, a centre of excellence in natural product chemistry. He was entrusted with the task of the planning and building this Centre which he has done admirably, first as Co-Director and later as Director, and he has succeeded in putting together one of the finest products. It is therefore in the fitness of things that this institute is now known worldwide, not only because of the many books which Professor Atta-ur-Rahman has written or edited are published internationally, but also because of the excellent research articles published from H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi. This has been possible because of the excellent research facilities (5 superconducting NMR spectrometers, 6 mass spectrometers, X-ray etc.) in the institute, quite unique for a third world country. 

Niranjan Raj is working as Assistant Professor in the Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore. He is the recipient of Paul Neergaard Gold Medal for his work in seed technology. He has more than 10 years of teaching and research experience and has published more than 35 research articles in international and national journals. 

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