Tumor cell proliferation

CXCL12 Stimulates Brain Tumor Cell Proliferation and Survival... 

Substituted analogues of /i-carbolin-l-onc 47 have also been found to inhibit tumor cell proliferation. For example, Hu and coworkers have reported that /l-carbolin-l-one 51 inhibited cell proliferation of HeLa cells with an... 

Moved] Cranberry fruit of Early Black cultivar was fractionated chromatographically and fractions were analyzed for flavonoid content. The effects of the flavonoid fractions and ursolic acid, an abundant triterpenoid in cranberry peel, were assessed in two models of colon cancer and one model of breast cancer. Clonogenic soft agar assays were used to determine the effect of these compounds on tumor colony formation in HCT-116, HT-29 and MCF-7 cells. MTT and trypan blue assays were performed to assess their ability to inhibit tumor cell proliferation. TUNEL assays were performed to assess apop-totic response to the cranberry compounds. The proanthocyanidins inhibited tumor colony formation in HCT-116 and HT-29 cells in a dose-dependent manner, with greater effect on the HCT-116 cell line. Ursolic acid strongly inhibited tumor colony formation in both colon cell lines. These compounds also decreased proliferation in all three tumor cell lines with the HCT-116 cell line most strongly affected. (150 words)... 

Roche has reported a 2,4-diaminopyrimidine 42 (Ro-4584820) to be a Phase I clinical candidate [48,103]. Compound 42 is a pan-CDK inhibitor (CDKl K = 0.001 ptM CDK2 K[ = 0.003 p.M CDK4 K[ = 0.001 p.M), consequently it induces both G1 and G2 cell cycle arrest in tumor cell lines. It is a potent inhibitor of tumor cell proliferation in both the HCT-116 colon cancer (IC50 = 0.080 tiM) and the H460A (IC50 = 0.055 p.M) lung cancer cell lines. 

PPAR is a nuclear receptor-transcription factor and is ligand-dependent and expressed in several tissues. It is initially involved in adipocyte differentiation and fatty acid synthesis. Fatty acid and eicosanoids bind to PPAR and regulate transcription. PPAR activation inhibits monocyte differentiation and expression of several pro-inflammatory genes such as iNOS, TNF, etc. PPAR activation inhibits tumor cell proliferation (epithelial, colon, prostate). PPAR is involved in angiogenesis. 

Reddy, G. V., Shahani, K. M. and Banerjee, M. R. 1973. Inhibitory effect of yogurt on Ehrlich asites tumor-cell proliferation. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 50, 815-817. 

Following the first report of tumor promotion by okadaic acid, additional tumor promoters of the okadaic acid activity class have been identified, e.g., microcystin [513,514], and calyculin derivatives, Fig. (63) reported in marine sponges such as Discodermia calyx [515] and Theonella swinhoei [516] as potent inhibitors of tumor cell proliferation. A two-sponge association, Poecillastra sp. and Jaspis sp., yielded cytotoxic toxins which exhibited selective activity against several tumoral cell lines [517],... 

Takada Y, Bhardwaj A, Potdar P, Aggarwal BB. 2004. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents differ in their ability to suppress NF-kappaB activation, inhibition of expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and cyclin Dl, and abrogation of tumor cell proliferation. Oncogene 23 9247-9258. 

Cyclocurcumin differs from curcumin in the p-diketone link. In this molecule, the a, p-unsaturated p-diketone moiety of curcumin is replaced by a, p-unsaturated dihydropyranone moiety. Up to now, not many biological studies are reported with cyclocurcumin except for one study on inhibition of MCF-7 tumor cell proliferation by Simon et al. [1998] where it has been found to be ineffective in inhibiting cell proliferation and arrest of cell-cycle progression. 

It is interesting to note that expression and secretion of an aberrant HER-2 splice variant has been reported in various cell lines and tissues, which can interfere with the oncogenic HER-2 activity (Aigner et al., 2001). Expression of this truncated 100-kDa HER-2 variant encodes the extracellular domain of HER-2 and inhibits growth factor-mediated tumor cell proliferation. The exact role played by this variant during the progression of human cancer is not clear. 

Aigner, A., Juhl, H., Malerczyk, C., Tkybusch, A., Benz, C. C., and Czubayko, F. 2001. Expression of a truncated 100 kDa HER2 splice variant acts as an endogenous inhibitor of tumor cell proliferation. Oncogene 20 2101-2111. 

Czubayko, F., Downing, S.G., Hsieh, S.S., Goldstein, D.J., Lu, P.Y., Trapnell, B.C. and Wellstein, A. (1997a) Adenovirus-mediated transduction of ribozymes abrogates HER-2/neu and pleiotrophin expression and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. Gene Then, 4, 943-949. 

Holmuhamedov, E., Lewis, L., Bienengraeber, M., Holmuhamedova, M., Jahangir, A. and Terzic, A., 2002, Suppression of human tumor cell proliferation through mitochondrial targeting. Faseb J 16, 1010-6. 

Because of the oil solubility of paclitaxel and the thermodynamic properties of LCM, paclitaxel is able to attach to LCM. (For the same reasons, a similar ease of incorporation into LCM has been noted for other small, low water-solubility, anticancer drugs [that are otherwise underutilized clinically and/or unpatented] which are being examined currently, such as various oxysterols [like 7 3-hydroxycholesterol] these oxysterols have been reported to inhibit tumor cell proliferation, and gliosis (cf. Section 14.2.2(i)), both in vitro and in vivo (ref. 607-611).)... 

In human studies, flaxseed consumption has had positive impacts on carcinogenesis and parallel observations from animal studies. A doubleblind, placebo-controlled, prospective clinical trial involving 39 women, newly diagnosed with breast tumors, was completed to evaluate the effect of flaxseed consumption on tumor growth (Thompson et al., 2000). Subjects given flaxseed (25 g/day) diets had reduced tumor cell proliferation and c-erB-2 expression, and an increased apoptosis index compared with women who ate whole-wheat muffins. 

Thompson et al. (2005) reported that tumor cell proliferation and c-erbB2 expression decreased by 34% and 71%, respectively, whereas cell apoptosis increased (31%) in menopausal women fed a diet containing 25 g of flaxseed. Changes in c-erbB2 score and apoptosis index were correlated with total flaxseed intake whereas cell proliferation, as measured by Ki-67 labeling index, was not. A main conclusion from these studies was that the lignans and, to a lesser extent, ALA were responsible for the anticarcinogenic activity. 

On the other hand, K+ channel activators such as valinomycin (Rouzaire-Dubois et al. 1993) and minoxidil (Abdul et al. 2003) do the opposite promoting tumor cell proliferation. 

Table 1 Compounds that reportedly inhibit tumor cell proliferation and/or migration...

Fig. 4 Schematic illustration of the potential target sites to reduce K+ channel activity leading to decreases in tumor cell proliferation, if indicate reduction dashed arrows indicate negative regulation...

Renaudo A, Watry V, Chassot AA, Ponzio G, Ehrenfeld J, Soriani O (2004) Inhibition of tumor cell proliferation by sigma ligands is associated with K+ Channel inhibition and p27kipl accumulation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 311 1105-1114... 

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