Tuber crops

Soil adhering to root and tuber crop samples must be removed with cold running water but samples should not be scrubbed with a brush. The samples should be dried in a clean room to avoid contamination. 

The yield is one of the most important ecological parameters, since all impacts on the environment have been related to it in order to characterise the energetic and ecological efficiency of an energy crop species (Scholz et al. 2006). The yields of the main products of conventional species such as cereals, oil and tuber crops are well known, whereas the yields of the whole plants are mostly not available in... 

The International Potato Center, known worldwide by its Spanish acronym CAP, sees the potato and other Andean root and tuber crops as underexploited resources for agricultural development and hunger relief in developing countries. Founded in 1971, CIP has worked to enhance the cultivation, yield, processing, and consumption of potatoes. Its original mandate was expanded to include sweet potatoes and, more recently, other Andean roots and tubers in danger of extinction. 

Panigrahi, S. (1996) A review of the potential for using cassava root meal in poultry diets. In Kurup, G.T., Palaniswami, M.S., Potty, V.P., Padmaja, G., Kabeerathumma, S. and Pillai, S.V. (eds) Tropical Tuber Crops Problems, Prospects and Future Strategies. Science Publishers, Lebanon, Indiana, pp. 416-428. 

The protein in Jerusalem artichoke tubers comprises around 1.6 to 2.4 g-100 g 1 of fresh weight (Table 5.1). Protein and nitrogen levels remain relatively constant in the tubers during development (Kosaric et al., 1984). Tuber protein contains all the essential amino acids in favorable proportions. It is rich in lysine and methionine, in comparison to proteins of other root and tuber crops, and is... 

Frese, L., Schittenhelm, S., and Dambroth, M., Development of base populations from root and tuber crops for the production of sugar and starch as raw material for industry, Landbauforschung Volkenrode, 37, 213, 1987. 

Lawrence, T., Toll, J., and van Sloten, D.H., Directory of Germplasm Collections. 2. Root and Tuber Crops. IB PGR, Rome, 1986. 

In Jerusalem artichoke and other root and tuber crops, a significant portion of the total biomass at harvest is found in the underground storage organs (Kays, 1985 McLaurin et al., 1999 McLaurin and Kays, 1993 Meijer et al., 1993). The internal redistribution of carbon and nutrient elements that accumulate in the stems and leaves of Jerusalem artichoke plays an important role in the development of the tubers (McLaurin et al., 1999 Somda et al., 1999). Similar, but often more complex, accumulation and redistribution patterns occur for carbon and the mineral nutrient... 

Comparison of Jerusalem Artichoke Leaf Elemental Content (%) with Ranges in Other Root and Tuber Crops... 

International classification A23N12/02, B03B5/56, A23N12/00, B03B5/00 The invention separates root and tuber crops, including Jerusalem artichoke, from flotation water carrying soil and other debris. 

The invention provides a method for altering or modifying the content or composition of one or more metabolites in the storage organs of a plant. The invention extends to plants and genetic constructs used to produce plant material, and is applicable to all tuber crops, including Jerusalem artichoke. 

Estimates (Rabinowitch, 1945) of the total amount of carbon fixed in photosynthesis by land plants is on the order of 2 X 1010 tons per year. Three grain crops (wheat, rice, and maize) and three tuber crops (potato, yam, and cassava) provide f of the world s food calculated as calories. The amount of starch produced by the edible portions of these crops in one year exceeds 7 x 108 tons, of which about 6 x 108 tons are contributed by cereal grains. 

Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH). Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), also known as benzene hexachloride (BHC), was discovered in England and France independently in 1942. It consists of five isomers (a, P, y, 8, and e), but only the y isomer exhibits pronounced insecticidal properties, which account for 12% of the total (Table 4.2). The purified y isomer is called lindane. HCH tends to have an unpleasant musty odor, and this odor gives an off-flavor to root and tuber crops, which limits its agricultural use. Conversely, lindane is odorless, so it is the commercial form used currently. It is still used in the control of lice and fleas on humans, livestock, and pets. In 2002, it was banned from food-related uses. 

Flores, T, Alape-Giron, A., Flores-Diaz, M., Flores, H.E. Ocatin. A novel tuber storage protein from the Andean tuber crop oca with antibacterial and antifungal activities. Plant Physiol. 2002, 128, 1291-1302... 

In 1999, sweet potato accounted for approximately 20% of the total world production of root and tuber crops (FAO, 1999). Asia is the largest sweet potato-producing region in the world, with an annual production of 125 million tonnes. China produces roughly 65% of the world s sweet potato, making it the leading supplier of sweet potatoes in the world (Hijmans et al., 2002). Latin America and North America produce about 1.9 million and... 

Gakonyo, N. 1993a. Sweet potato post-harvest system. In Product Development for Root and Tuber Crops (G. Scott, P. Fergusun, and J. Herere, eds), p. 317. CIP and IITA, Lima, Peru, and Ibadan, Nigeria. 

Scott, G.J., Rosegrant, M.W., and Ringler, C. 2000. Global projections for root and tuber crops to the... 

Timmins, W.H. and Matter, A.D. 1992. Aspects of sweetpotato processing in Sichuan Province, People s Repubhc of China. In Product development for root and tuber crops. Volume I— Asia (G. Scott, S. Wiersema, and P.I. Fergusun, eds), pp. 217—228. Proceedings of an International Workshop, held April 22-May 1 at Visayas State College of Agriculture, ViSCA, Baybay, Leyte, Phillipines. CIP, Lima, Peru. 

Weiss, R.F. and Finkelmann, A. 2000. Herbal Medicine , 2nd Ed. Thieme, Stuttgart Wheatley, C.C. and Bofu, S. 2000. Sweetpotato starch in China Current status and future prospects. In Cassava, Starch and Starch Derivatives (R.H. Howeler, C.G. Oates, and G.M. O Brien, eds), pp. 201-205. Proceedings of the International Symposium held in Nanning, Guangxi, China, November 11-15, 1996, A CIAT Publication, CIAT Re onal Cassava Program for Asia. Wheatley, C.C., Scott, G.J., Best, R., and Wiersema, S. 1996. Adding Value to Root and Tuber Crops , p. 166. CIAT, Cali, Colombia. 

Potato is a tuberous crop from the perennial Solanum tuberosum of the Solanaceae family. It is an essential crop in Europe and Asia. China is now the world s largest potato-producing country. The effect of the chitosan-induced resistance to viral infection was investigated in potato plants. The plants were sprayed with different molecular weights of chitosan solution (1 mg/mL) and the greatest antiviral activity was shown by 120 kDa chitosan. In another experiment, potatoes were infected with potato virus X after chitosan pretreatment. It was found that chitosan treatment significantly decreased the number of systemically infected plants compared to control, and the treated leaves also accnmnlated less amount of virus than the control leaves (Chirkov et al. 2001). 

Division of Crop Utilization, Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Sreekariyam, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India... 

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