Crop Utility

DE-742 (7) requires addition of a safener to achieve commercial levels of postemergence selectivity in small grain cereal crops, the main target market. Com- 

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Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition and the Center for Crops Utilization Research, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA... 

Jay-lin Jane, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition and the Center for Crops Utilization Research, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA (Chapter 6) Gerald D. Lasater, MGP Ingredients Inc., Atchison, Kansas, USA (Chapter 10) Clodualdo C. Maningat, MGP Ingredients Inc., Atchison, Kansas, USA (Chapter 10) William R. Mason, Formerly of National Starch and Chemical Co., Bridgewater, New Jersey, USA (Chapter 20)... 

There is little doubt that the brassinosteroids can have a major effect on world grain markets and on the increased production of horticultural crops utilizing the same land area. This means reduced energy costs and that, coupled to the apparently environmentally safe aspects of these compounds, makes them ideal candidates for industrial development. But a number of critical problems remain and it seems that there will be limited fundamental examination with the brassinosteroids unless they are used practically. Frankly stated, funds generated from the sales of marketable brassinosteroids will drive all the other studies. While this is a critical time in the development of the brassinosteroids, their future promises to be interesting politically, scientifically, and practically. To quote an old aphorism, to the victor will go the laurels. 

The most publicized utilization of biomass is gasohol production, an excellent example of biomass conversion to liquid fuel. Although other grains can be used, the principal crop utilized in the United States has been corn. After harvesting, the entire stalk and cobs are chopped up, ground, and mixed with water. Then, the resulting mixture is cooked to help convert the starches... 

In 2005, 80 million pounds, about one pound per acre, of pesticides were applied to soybean crops in the United States. The most common pesticide (79%) was glypho-sate isopropylamine salt (Fig. 5.14). The popularity of glyphosate is due to the fact that 91% of the U.S. soybean crop utilizes transgenic seed specifically resistant to the herbicide. This allows farmers the ability to spray their fields once for weeds without killing the soybeans. It is estimated that 77 million pounds of herbicide were ap-... 

Lipoxygenase may play a role in SPI production. When we examined SPI production on a laboratory scale using triple LOX-null soybeans compared to the parental variety, we observed no differences in yield (data not shown). However, when these varieties were compared using the Iowa State University Center for Crops Utilization Research pilot plant SPI procedure (Wu et al., 2000), it became apparent that the LOX-triple null SPI precipitates were much more difficult to centrifuge. The data in Table 8.4 compares the yield differences in SPI made from triple nulls from two crop years. Moisture, protein, and lipid compositions of the soybeans were not different between years or varieties. 

Division of Crop Utilization, Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Sreekariyam, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India... 

Special thanks go to Branson Ultrasonic Corp. of Danbury, CT for their generous donation of equipment and tooling. Thanks also go to Center for Crops Utilization Research for their support of facilities. Thanks also go to Trexel Inc., of Woburn, MA, for their support and donation of materials. 

Special thanks go to Branson Ultrasonic for donation of eqnipment. Thanks also goes to Avi Benatar of OSU for loan of nltrasonic tooling and the Center for Crops Utilization Research at ISU for use of equipment. Lastly thanks goes to Zein Corporation and Lincoln Way Energy for material donation. 

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