Proteins in tubers

Bauw, G.,Nielsen, H. V,Emmersen, J.,Nielsen, K., Jorgensen, M., Welinder,K. (2006). Patatins,Kunitz protease inhibitors and other major proteins in tuber of potato cv. Kuras. FEES J., 273, 3569-3584. 

Potato BEII was first characterized and found to be a granule-bound protein in tuber starch.256 In potato, BEII appears to be less abundant than BEL Both potato tuber BEI and BEII were cloned and expressed in E. coli,257 258 and the properties of... 

The leaves and tubers of potatoes contain high levels of lipolytic acyl hydrolase activities (1,2,3). These enzymes are capable of hydrolyzing all endogenous phospholipids and galactoliplds. It was recently reported that all of the lipolytic acyl hydrolase activity in potato tubers is associated with a glycoprotein fraction called "patatin" which comprises about 30% of the soluble protein in tubers (4). This study was undertaken in order to verify whether this finding was valid for other varieties of potatoes (in ref 4 Kennebec was the only variety studied). 

Rosahl S, Schmidt R, Schell J, Willmitzer L (1986) Isolation and characterization of a gene from Solanum tuberosum encoding patatin, the major storage protein in potato tubers. Mol Gen Genet 203 214-220... 

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and middle protein Potato tuber Immunogenic in mice when administered orally. 11, 12, 94... 

Norwalk virus (NV) capsid protein Potato tuber tobacco leaf Mice and humans developed serum IgG and secretory IgA specific for recombinant NV. Immunogenic in mice and humans when administered orally. 45,57... 

Rotavirus VP6 protein Potato tuber Anti-GAR antibodies detected. Immunogenic -in mice when delivered parenterally. 112... 

Rotavirus VP7 protein Potato tuber Serum IgG and IgA specific for VP7 IgA had -VP7-neutralizing activity. Immunogenic in mice when delivered orally. 36... 

Protein in Stored Tubers. The heat tolerance, alkaline pH... 

Developmental promoters that have been commonly used for vaccine production include patatin and E8 promoters derived from potato and tomato, respectively. Patatin is one of the major soluble proteins in potato tubers and is encoded by a multigene family. The patatin promoter is tuber-specific the protein is expressed in tubers but not in leaves (Grierson et al., 1994). Patatin has been shown to express vaccine protein in potato tubers at levels greater than the CaMV 35S promoter (Rocha-Sosa et al., 1989). 

Ryan, C. A., Narvaez, J., Pearce, G. L., MeGurl, B. F. (2005). Methods for increasing the amount of protein in potato tubers. United States Patent Applieation 20050223441. 

The particulate fraction, called potato pulp, besides the fruit liquid and water in intact cells, contains starch, cellulose, hemicelluloses, pectin, and proteins. On a dry matter basis, the pulp contains 74% of protein in comparison to the content in potato tuber (Kempf, 1980). Components of conventional wet potato pulp are listed in Table 16.1. 

The patatin family consists of various glycoproteins in plants making up more than 40% of the total soluble protein in potato tubers. Patatins serve as storage proteins and it has been demonstrated that they exhibit both lipid acyl hydrolase and acetyl transferase activities, which might be involved in tissue wounding responses. Further, recent studies report on antioxidant activities of the major potato allergen Sola t 1 (Seppala et al. 2000). 

Yeast and bacterial systems often give low levels of expression of silks, and this has led to the development of production systems in tobacco and potato. Scheller et al. (2001) have shown that spider silk proteins can be produced in transgenic plants. They inserted synthetic spider silk protein (spidroin) genes into transgenic plants under the control of the CaMV35S promoter. Using this system they were able to demonstrate the accumulation of recombinant silk proteins to a level of at least 2% of total soluble protein in the endoplasmic reticulum of tobacco leaves, and potato tubers. 

Many of the metabolite uptake studies cited above rely on combined uptake and incorporation into starch. In order to separate uptake from incorporation, Schott et al.226 extracted amyloplast membrane proteins from potato tubers and reconstituted them into liposomes. These reconstituted liposomes transported Pi, triose phosphates and G6P in a counter-exchange mode. The liposomes were ineffective in the transfer of G1P uptake of ADP-Glc was not tested. Mohlmann et al.236 have used a proteoliposomic system to reconstitute plastid envelope proteins. In this system, ADP-Glc is transported in exchange for AMP. Thus the more widely studied plastid ATP/ADP transporter was not responsible for ADP-Glc uptake. More recently, Bowsher et al.237 reported that wheat endosperm amyloplasts membrane proteins reconstituted into proteoliposomes took up ADP-Glc in exchange for AMP and ADP. In addition, they showed that under conditions of ADP-Glc dependent starch biosynthesis, the efflux of ADP from intact amyloplasts was equal to that of ADP-Glc utilization by starch synthesis. The amyloplast membrane ADP-Glc/ADP transporter was a 38 000 molecular weight integral membrane protein.237... 

The protein in Jerusalem artichoke tubers comprises around 1.6 to 2.4 g-100 g 1 of fresh weight (Table 5.1). Protein and nitrogen levels remain relatively constant in the tubers during development (Kosaric et al., 1984). Tuber protein contains all the essential amino acids in favorable proportions. It is rich in lysine and methionine, in comparison to proteins of other root and tuber crops, and is... 

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