China produced

A process variation of the extraction of 2-isopropylnaphthalene hydroperoxide from the cmde oxidation product with an alkylene glycol has been patented (71). The 2-naphthalenol plant of American Cyanamid, which was using the hydroperoxidation process and had a 14 x 10 t /yr capacity (72), ceased production in 1982, leaving the United States without a domestic producer of 2-naphthol. The 2-naphthol capacity in the Western world is approximately 50 x 10 t/yr, with ACNA, Italy and Hoechst AG, Germany operating the largest plants. China produces about 7 x 10 t/yr. Other important producing countries are Poland, Romania, the former Czechoslovakia, and India (35,52). 

Most foreiga vanadium is obtained as a coproduct of iron and titanium. South Africa, Norway, and Finland are suppHers. Chile produces slag from an iron operation. AustraUa s first vanadium operation started produciag fused pentoxide flake from a vanadium mine ia 1980. Russia and the People s Repubhc of china produce slag and pentoxide from iron—titanium ores. 

In the cavernous halls of the Shanghai Industrial Exhibition, one can see a cornucopia of consumer goods (clothes of polyester, polyacrylic, and polyvinyl alcohol fiber shoes and sandals of polyvinyl chloride suitcases and television set frames of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic toys and containers of polyethylene, and many other plastic products (China produced approximately 800,000 tons of plastics in 1980) of convenience we take for granted in the West) that the Chinese government will try to deliver, in quantity, to its citizens in the years to come. 

In 1979, China produced approximately 106 million metric tons of oil (ranked ninth in the world) equivalent to approximately two million barrels a day. Of the total oil produced, China exported about 10 million metric tons. Assuming that China consumes 10% of its naphtha and kerosene domestically as feedstock, she should have been able to produce a theoretical maximum of 2.5 million tons of ethylene for 1979. Given the forecasted production figure of 170 million tons of oil in 1985, and if the allocation of oil for feedstock is increased to 15%, China should be able to produce a maximum of 3.6 million tons of ethylene. 

China now produces less than 90,000 metric tons of natural rubber, and in 1978, she subsidized domestic needs by importing 229,000 metric tons. China produced only 70,000 metric tons of synthetic rubber in 1979 by comparison, the U.S. produced 2.5... 

The major producers of VAM and VAM-based polymers include, but are not limited to, BP of the UK and Wacker Chemie of Germany. Celanese Chemicals, Dow Chemical Corp., DuPont and Millenium are important USA-based producers. In Asia, Kuraray, Nippon Gohsei and Showa Denko of Japan Dairen Chemical and Asian Acetyls of Taiwan and Shanghai Petrochemical and Sichuan Vinylon Works of China produce VAM and their polymers. These regions are also the major markets for the different products obtained from PVAc and its derivatives. 

Citric acid and its citrate compounds are widely used in hundreds of applications. Global production of citric acid in 2005 was 1.6 million tons, with China producing approximately 40% of the world supply. In the United States, approximately 65% of citric acid use is in the food and beverage industry. Citric acid is used as an acidulant to impart tartness, to control pH, as a preservative and antioxidant, as a metal chelator, and to stabilize color and taste. Citrate salts can be used as mineral and metal dietary supplement for example, calcium citrate... 

By the late 1920s, China was a net exporter of opium, and within a few years it replaced the Near East as the world s opium smuggling capital. By 1931, China produced seven-eighths of the world s narcotics. Chinese opium flooded the world markets through Hong Kong, Shanghai and Macao. 

China, India, Sudan, Myanmar, and Uganda are the world s major sesame seed producing countries. In 2003, China produced 825 thousand MT of sesame seed and was the world s largest sesame-producing country followed by India (620,000 MT),... 

As of 2010, China produced most of the rare earth elements used in high-tech and green (environmentally friendly) industries. Although such elements are found in other countries, including the United States, most nations rely on China to produce them. However, China s own growing demand for such elements raised concern about the potential for a rare earth supply shortage. 

Based on the UN COMTARDE database, FAO (5) shows that Asia is the world s largest producer and consumer of non-wood forest products (NWFP) where China and India has the biggest shares (Table IV). Accordingly, China producers and possesses more wild products than any other country in the world. 

Non-availability of p-hydroxy benzaldehyde in India is a major reason. China produces good quantities ofp-hydrobenzal-dehyde as a by-product during production of salicylaldehyde. China in future may turn out to be a major producer of both bromoxylin and ioxylin. 

The world s total production in 1909 was 5250 metric tons of concentrate, containing 60 per cent W03. The production under the stimulus of war conditions rose rapidly, reaching a maximum in 1918 of 30,000 tons, of which China produced more than one third. Since 1918, production has fallen off materially, or ceased entirely, especially in countries where labor costishigh. The production continued for a time in the Chinese fields, though at a greatly reduced rate. For a time certain Colorado... 

Until now, town gas has played a relatively small role in China, but its importance is slated to rise considerably. According to Lau, at the end of 1993 China produced enough town gas to serve about 95 million people— about 10 percent of the population. Coal contributed 13 billion cubic meters per year of manufactured gas, but only about 3.5 billion cubic meters were for domestic use (by about 25 million people). In the aggregate, other sources of town gas were much more important. Town gas made from liquefied petroleum gas—about 2.3 million tons/year—was consumed by 57.7 million Chinese, and natural gas contributed about 1.4 million cubic meters of town gas for about 11.8 million people. 

Eight major oilseed crops traded in international markets account for more than 95% of the world s vegetable oil. These include soybean, cottonseed, peanut, sunflower, rapeseed, flaxseed, copra and palm kernel. Soybean is unique among these oilseed crops in that it also contains about 40% dry weight protein. Because of the large amounts of both oil and protein, soybean has dominated world oilseed production. The US, Brazil and China produce most of the world s soybean crop and as a widely traded commodity it is available throughout the world as a cheap source of quality protein and oil. 

In 1999, sweet potato accounted for approximately 20% of the total world production of root and tuber crops (FAO, 1999). Asia is the largest sweet potato-producing region in the world, with an annual production of 125 million tonnes. China produces roughly 65% of the world s sweet potato, making it the leading supplier of sweet potatoes in the world (Hijmans et al., 2002). Latin America and North America produce about 1.9 million and... 

In 1990, China also started to export separated REE commodities. At the end of the 1990s, China produced not only separated REE-oxides and metals, but also produced higher value products, such as magnets, phosphors, and polishing compounds. Since approximately the year 2000, China also produces finished products, such as electric motors, computers, batteries, liquid crystal displays (LCD), mobile phones and portable music devices (Geschneider 2011). 

Other manufacturers offering TS-1 for sale include PQ, which is offering its PQ-TS-1, and CleanScience PUNE, India (252). Both companies manufacture TS-1 in the form of extrudates and microspheres. The listed process apphcations are aromatic hydroxylation, oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes, olefin epoxidation, and alkane oxidations. Presumably, there are more companies, especially in China, producing framework metal-containing zeotype materials. 

About 95% of all anthropogenic industrial CO2 emission is caused by fossil fuel use 4% is from cement production (limestone burning and CO2 release from past carbonate sediments). China is the world s largest hydraulic cement producer. In 2006 China produced over 1.2 billion metric tons of hydraulic cement, or roughly 47% of the world s production. Emissions from cement production account for 9.8% of China s total industrial CO2 emissions in 2006. 

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