The Analysis Report

Once all What-If analysis questions have been asked and answered along with all completed HAZOP studies of system components, a final report should be written to document all findings and recommendations. In the chemical industry (in the United States), this report is normally referred to as a Process Hazard Analysis. This report is required under both Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations for facilities that handle or contain certain chemical commodities at certain defined quantity thresholds. However, when HAZOP studies and What-If analyses are used in general industry application, the documentation of the results can be included in a written report along with any other system safety analyses that may have been performed (as described 

ITEM GUIDE WORD DEVIATION POSSIBLE CAUSES POSSIBLE CONSEQUENCES SAFEGUARDS RAC RECOMMENDED ACTION(S) REMARKS 

1 Flow No Flow Valve closed Pump deadhead Engineering design By-pass line 4D None None 

2 Flow Low Flow Pump reversed Inadequate transfer Tank vacuum not possible (Tank open to atmosphere) Procedures require rotation check. Vent and line caps in place. 3C Ensure operator training is adequate None 

3 Pressure High Pressure Closed valve Pump deadhead Procedures Training 3C None None 

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All samples should be taken from circulating systems, or immediately upon shutdown, while the hydraulic fluid is within 5°C(9°F) of normal system operating temperature. Systems not up to temperature may provide non-representative samples of system dirt and water content, and such samples should either be avoided or so indicated on the analysis report. The first oil coming from the sampling point should be discarded, since it can be very dirty and does not represent the system. As a mle, a volume of oil equivalent to one to two times the volume of oil contained in the sampling line and valve should be drained before the sample is taken. 

If the analysis reports the amount of ferric iron, this value is accepted and aluminum is partitioned between Vl-fold and IV-fold coordinated sites, according to... 

If the analysis reports only total iron expressed as FeO (for example, microprobe data), the amount of IV-fold coordinated aluminum is assumed to obey... 

We refer here to the analysis reported in the E UCAR website extended to an ideal electric powertrain [7]. The results for a 100 km drive in NDEC cycles reported in Figure 4.2a show that, independently of where the electricity is produced, the electric powertrain is associated with radical primary energy savings, similarly, and consequently, to radical control of noxious and greenhouse gas emissions (Figure 4.2b). 

Consequently all 105 trees were used In the analysis reported here. 

A historic summary of the development of the product serves many purposes. The foremost purpose is to apprise the investigators of the scope of inspection. The investigators learn more about the product from the history of its development than from the analysis report of the finished product. This shows the awareness of the firm about the development process. This document should include a description of the API, the formulation, and the analytical methods. These sections should be clearly marked or presented in separate binders. The summary section should highlight how the biobatch is linked to the full-scale batch with respect to validation and scale-up of production. This section also offers an opportunity for the firm to address the issues that it considers critical. 

Documentary traceability, which consist of finding raw data and all documents used before the issue of the analysis report. 

The analysis report must include necessary analytical data (chromatographic and spectrometric) supporting the identifications made, describe the sample preparation and analytical methods in detail (or make reference to ROPs, SOPs, or other procedures), and give information on the identified chemicals (CAS registry number, structural formula, and IUPAC or CWC name). 

Coarse vs. detailed classification the analysis reported in section 8.5.3. already showed a major problem (and its solution ) of coarse classification indicating which aspect precisely of the story describing an incident is seen as the main cause. That necessitates then a second requirement for any sensible application of coarse classification a full (c.g. complete, detailed, unbiased) description of the incident itself. Another advice could be to aim at the middle level of analysis (only 7 categories to choose from) instead of all 17 (sub)categories. 

The individual cell uniformity is monitored by using the coefficient of percentage variation as statistical indicator already introduced in Sect. 6.3. For the analysis reported in this paragraph a value of Cv equals 2.5% is considered acceptable for a regular working of the stack. 

The correlation analyses of toner particle size and size distribution parameters and image quality characteristics of toner deposits as measured by the spectral dependence of contrast transfer function and noise show high coefficients of correlation Specifically the Wiener spectrum data appear to yield the weight geometric mean and standard deviation of the toner population in this study. Therefore the Wiener spectrum may be another analytical tool in characterizing particle populations. It must be pointed out that the analysis reported here is mainly empirical. Further work is needed to refine the models and to examine the limits of applicability of these tests. Factors such as particle clumping, non-uniform depositions and optical limitations are specific areas for examination. 

The analytical equipment will most often come with its own data processing software and hardware. The output presented at the end of each analysis is therefore in the form of a file reporting, say, mole fractions of components in the sample. In order to carry out an analysis the TSR software must trigger the taking of a sample at appropriate times, simultaneously record the various parameters of the system at those times, and wait for the analysis to be completed on the analytical setup. Then the TSR software must either trigger the transmission of the analysis report or be prepared to accept the analytical report at the time it is automatically sent out by the analytical equipment. In both cases, the analytical file must be assigned to the conditions at the time of sampling. 

All the catalytic performance data included in the analysis reported here were obtained at 40 °C and atmospheric pressure using feed composition C4H6 H2 N2 = 6 6.6 87.4. 

The Review Comments form is used to record all deficiencies found in an analysis during the course of a review. All work performed to correct deficiencies identified during a review shall be documented to the same standard as required for the original work by updating the analysis report as necessary. If the rework requires any of the MALPAS analysers to be re-run, the analysis record should be updated to record the new files created. However, the previously reviewed files should still be recorded on the analysis record. 

From the analysis reported above on a Pd-Ag MR it can be pointed out that, globally, the MR offers better performance than TR similar behaviour can be... 

If damage to the membranes in an electrolyzer is severe, they should be replaced. In other cases, the factors in Table 8.3 are not large. The percentage differences between common-current and common-voltage operation are quite small. The purpose of the analysis reported here is to show that operation of electrolyzers with different characteristics... 

Three control methods are used on each bead-end system. First, the poison is mixed according to standard operating procedures and the measurements are affirmed by the operator s supervisor. Second, the poisoned solution is stirred, sampled, analyzed, and the analysis reported while still in the mix tank, Finally, a Nuclear Poison Detection System (NPDS) must show an acceptable poison concentration before the solution can be transferred. The NPDS provides a continuous monitoring of the boron concentration in the solution and automatic alarm and shutoff of the acid feed valves should the... 

In practice a deviating value from 100 % for the content on the analysis report often will be only the consequence of the uncertainty in the analysis. This is certainly true when the deviation is smaller than 1-2 %, but may also hold with larger deviations for certain products. 

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