Data processing software

The composite envelope is then plotted over the envelope of each individual peak. It is seen that the actual retention difference, if taken from the maxima of the envelope, will give a value of less than 80% of the true retention difference. Furthermore as the peaks become closer this error increases rapidly. Unfortunately, this type of error is not normally taken into account by most data processing software. It follows that, if such data was used for solute identification, or column design, the results can be grossly in error. 

Ethanol concentration in the fermentation broth is determined by using gas chromatography (HP 5890 series II with HP Chemstation data processing software, Hewlett-Packard, Avondale, PA) with a Poropak Q Column, and a Hewlett-Packard model 3380A integrator. A flame ionisation detector (FID) is used to determine ethanol. The oven temperature is maintained at 180 °C, and the injector and detector temperature are maintained at 240 °C. The sample taken from the fermentation media has to be filtered and any internal standard must be added for analysis based on internal standard methods otherwise, the area under the peak must be compared with known standard samples for calculation based on external standard methods. 

Modem data processing software includes routines that can be used to obtain accurate quantitative results from chromatograms where the components of the sample are incompletely resolved. The routines, in fact, deconvolute the individual peaks from the composite envelope and calculate the area of the individual de-convoluted peaks. Such algorithms can be used very effectively on peaks that are entrained in the tail of a major peak but are not so accurate for composite envelopes containing many unresolved peaks. 

All the results shown in this chapter were processed with Yorick which is a free data processing software available for Unix, MacOS/X and MS-Windows. The yorick home site is ftp //ftp-icf. llnl. gov/pub/Yorick. 

In practice, modern data-processing software applications perform these calculations very rapidly [23,24]. These algorithms are capable of deconvolving the relatively simple envelope of peaks generated by ESI of a single protein, or complex spectra produced by protein mixtures. 

Over the past decade, instrumentation has undergone substantial developments in the areas of optics, electronics and data processing software. These have led to improvements in the reliability, accuracy and ease of use of associated instruments. Particularly, the introduction of fiber optics has allowed a greater degree of flexibility in application areas. These include, for example, measurement of oil droplet dispersion in the ocean, on-line monitoring of... 

Very popular is the Savitzky-Golay filter As the method is used in almost any chromatographic data processing software package, the basic principles will be outlined hereafter. A least squares fit with a polynomial of the required order is performed over a window length. This is achieved by using a fixed convolution function. The shape of this function depends on the order of the chosen polynomial and the window length. The coefficients b of the convolution function are calculated from ... 

Ihe second edition of this highly welcomed tutorial has been updated with a focus on the latest development of 1D WIN-NMR. 2D WIN-NMR and GETFILE. the powerful data processing software designed hy Bruker. The text has been revised and amended by the addition of a further established 2D NM R experiment of practical importance. 

Due to the unique properties of the optical setup and the resulting datasets generated in our laboratory, custom data processing software was developed. Common operations, such as fast Fourier transformation, absorbance calculation, and species quantification were implemented with efficient algorithms.40 The FFT of a single... 

Extensive technical measures have been implemented to allow the ISP to protect confidential, commercial, or sensible military information during on-site analysis. These measures include in particular the option of blinding the GC/MS operating software and security level filters of AMDIS (Automated Mass Spectral Deconvolution and Identification System), the GC/MS raw data processing software. These measures can be applied separately or combined, offering the ISP the choice of a gradual restriction of the information revealed to the IT (for details see Chapter 2). 

The data processing software includes the options of signal correction, correction of electrode polarization and dc-conductivity, and different fitting procedures both in time and frequency domain [86]. 

The MassChrom mass spectrometer software currently used in the Department is a combination of data acquisition software (three versions of RAD and sample control) and data processing software (two versions) that operates on the Macintosh plus the Analyst software designed for the Windows NT environment. The RAD and MacQuan software rutming on the Macintosh Quadra will be retired under the work described in this chapter. 

MOSFLM, data processing software, 41 Mouse polyomavirus capsid protein. SeeYPl Multiple protein synthesis, in heterologous expression systems, 17 MuLV. See Murine leukemia-related viral group (MuLV)... 

Shimadzu Wingsald measurements and data processing software allows flexible test parameter set-up and real-time monitoring of sample dispersion. Windows 95 software features 3-D graphing and a superimposed comparison of up to 12 graphs. 

The quantitative data analysis protocols described herein may be generally applied to multivariant data sets and promise to be of increasing utility for the analysis of RSSF spectral data in the near future. It is notable that many of the commercially available RSSF units incorporate data analysis software based upon both global analysis and/or SVD into their data processing software packages. 

The analytical equipment will most often come with its own data processing software and hardware. The output presented at the end of each analysis is therefore in the form of a file reporting, say, mole fractions of components in the sample. In order to carry out an analysis the TSR software must trigger the taking of a sample at appropriate times, simultaneously record the various parameters of the system at those times, and wait for the analysis to be completed on the analytical setup. Then the TSR software must either trigger the transmission of the analysis report or be prepared to accept the analytical report at the time it is automatically sent out by the analytical equipment. In both cases, the analytical file must be assigned to the conditions at the time of sampling. 

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