Tests gas turbine

Auxiliary lubrication and cooling systems checked Instruments Idling tests Gas-Turbine Drivers... 

Defence Standard 05-50 (Part 61) Methods for Testing Gas Turbine Engine Synthetic Lubricants. Method 9, Resistance to Oxidation and Thermal Decomposition. UK Defence Standardization. 

Gas turbine package witness testing. Gas turbine packages are normally assembled in large factory buildings or in the open air between factory buildings. In either case, the environment is totally imsuitable for reliahle acoustic tests to be carried out using soimd level meters alone. Sound intensity techniques are especially relevant in these situations because of the location in which the tests are to be carried out and because some components, such as the compressor test loop, may... 

Specifications for gas turbine fuels prescribe test limits that must be met by the refiner who manufactures fuel however, it is customary for fuel users to define quality control limits for fuel at the point of delivery or of custody transfer. These limits must be met by third parties who distribute and handle fuels on or near the airport. Tests on receipt at airport depots include appearance, distfllation, flash point (or vapor pressure), density, freezing point, smoke point, corrosion, existing gum, water reaction, and water separation. Tests on delivery to the aircraft include appearance, particulates, membrane color, free water, and electrical conductivity. 

The dependence of vapor pressure on temperature for the fuels most commonly used in gas turbines appears in Figure 8 (14). The points on the abscissa reflect the flash point temperatures used to define the volatihty of higher molecular weight fuels. When vapor pressure itself is limited, as with JP-4 or Jet B, a test temperature of 38°C is specified. 

Both friction and wear measurements have been used to study boundary lubrication of fuel because sticking fuel controls and pump failures are primary field problems in gas turbine operation. An extensive research program of the Coordinating Research Council has produced a baH-on-cylinder lubricity test (BOCLE), standardized as ASTM D5001, which is used to qualify additives, to investigate fuels, and to assist pump manufacturers (21). 

The molybdenum, tungsten and tantalum concentration influence on LCD nickel-ferrous HRS resistance, used for gas turbine installations parts is investigated. The tests were carried out on modeling compositions. Samples were molded on the basis of an alloy of the ZMI-3C. The concentration of tantalum varied from 0 up to 5% with a step of 0,5%. The contents of elements were determined by a spectral method. 

Finally, oxidation rates obviously increase with increasing partial pressure of oxygen, although rarely in a simple way. The partial pressure of oxygen in a gas turbine atmosphere, for example, may well be very different from that in air, and it is important to conduct oxidation tests on high-temperature components under the right conditions. 

Ease of installation and commissioning is another reason for gas turbine use. A gas turbine unit can be tested and packaged at the factory. Use of a unit should be carefully planned so as to cause as few start cycles as possible. Frequent startups and shutdowns at commissioning greatly reduce the life of a unit. 

The gas turbine is a eomplex maehine, and its performanee and reliability are governed by many standards. The Ameriean Soeiety of Meehanieal Engineers (ASME) performanee test eodes have been written to ensure that test, are eondueted in a manner that guarantees that all turbines are tested under the same set of rules and eonditions to ensure that the test results ean be eompared in a judieious manner. The reliability of the turbines depend on the meehanieal eodes that govern the design of many gas turbines. The meehanieal standards and eodes have been written by both ASME and the Ameriean Petroleum Institute (API). 

ASME, Performance Test Code on Gas Turbines, ASME PTC 22 1997... 

The object of the code is to detail the test to determine the power output and thermal efficiency of the gas turbine when operating at the test conditions, and correcting these test results to standard or specified operating and control conditions. Procedures for conducting the test, calculating the results, and making the corrections are defined. 

The code provides for the testing of gas turbines supplied with gaseous or liquid fuels (or solid fuels converted to liquid or gas prior to entrance to the gas turbine). Test of gas turbines with water or steam injection for emission control and/or power augmentation are included. The tests can be applied to gas turbines in combined-cycle power plants or with other heat recovery systems. 

Dalla Betta, Ralph A., Nicholas, S.G., Weakley, C.K., Lundberg, K., Caron, T.J., Chamberlain, J., and Greeb, K., Field Test of a 1.5 MW Industrial Gas Turbine with a Low Emissions Catalytic Combustion System, ASME 99-GT-295. 

VFO works well in gas turbines. In a nine-month test program, the combustion properties of VFO were studied in a combustion test module. A gas turbine was also operated on VFO. The tests were conducted to study the combustion characteristics of VFO, the erosive and corrosive effects of VFO, and the operation of a gas turbine on VFO. The combustion tests were conducted on a combustion test module built from a GE Frame 5 combustion can and liner. The gas turbine tests were conducted on a Ford model 707 industrial gas turbine. Both the combustion module and gas turbine were used in the erosion and corrosion evaluation. The combustion tests showed the VFO to match natural gas in flame patterns, temperature profile, and flame color. The operation of the gas turbine revealed that the gas turbine not only operated well on VFO, but its performance was improved. The turbine inlet temperature was lower at a given output with VFO than with either natural gas or diesel fuel. This phenomenon is due to the increase in exhaust mass flow provided by the addition of steam in the diesel for the vaporization process. Following the tests, a thorough inspection was made of materials in the combustion module and on the gas turbine, which came into contact with the vaporized fuel or with the combustion gas. The inspection revealed no harmful effects on any of the components due to the use of VFO. 

In this chapter, a detailed technique with all the major equations governing a Gas Turbine Power Plant are presented based on the various ASME Test Codes. The following five ASME Test Codes govern the test of a Gas Turbine Power Plant ... 

Before starting any performance test the gas turbine shall be run until stable conditions have been established. Stability conditions will be achieved... 

The ASME, Performanee Test Code on Gas Turbines, ASME PTC 22 examines the overall performanee of the gas turbine. The ASME PTC 22 only examines the overall turbine and many turbines in the field are better instrumented for eomputation of the detail eharaeteristies of the gas turbine. Figure 20-6 shows the desired loeation of the measurement points for a fully instrumented turbine. The following are the various eomputations required to ealeulate the gas turbine overall performanee based on the eode ... 

---