Terms of reference

With the decision to analyse the environmental and resource use impacts of organic and conventional farming on the basis of environmental indicators, the 

The most relevant way to present data on environmental indieators is to relate this data to  

Relating data to the output takes the productivity of a farming system into consideration. If two systems differ in their productivity, the analysis of an environmental indicator leads to different results for the input and the output. This fact often causes some confusion about the results of an indieator analysis, its interpretation and its relevance. 

To relate an environmental indicator to the land area makes sense in those eases in which the decision has been taken to maintain a stable agrieultural land area. The only question is whether to farm it organically or conventionally. On the other hand, it is appropriate to relate an environmental indicator to the output if the quantity of food to be produced is set, while farmland is variable. In this case the productivity is the important factor. Output results can change depending on the assumed level of productivity and the potential of productivity. An interpretation of the per unit of output approach could be a difficult task as it would also have to consider whether a change in the agricultural land area has positive or negative effects on the environment and the resource use. 

In terms of informed policy decision, it would be desirable to relate information to both the input and to the output. However, working with secondary data implies that many studies do not provide complete information. In most cases, though, data on an environmental indicator is only available on the input, the per unit of land area basis. Although in scientific terms it is deplorable that most information is not available on a per unit of output basis, this is less problematic for today s practical EU policy. Food surpluses are more of a problem in the current political environment than food scarcity and there seems to be a broad consensus to keep the amount of farmland relatively stable. Therefore, in the EU, in most cases, the policy relevant way is to apply the data on environmental indicators to the input on a the per unit of land area term. 

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Terms of reference are not job descriptions but descriptions of the boundary conditions. They act as statements that can be referred to in deciding the direction in which one should be going and the constraints on how to get there. They are more like rules than a job description and more suited to a committee than an individual. They rarely cover responsibilities and authority except by default. 

Selection of the most suitable chemical form of the active principle for a tablet, while not strictly within our terms of reference here, must be considered. For example, some chloramphenicol esters produce little clinical response [13], There is also a significant difference in the bioavailability of anhydrous and hydrated forms of ampicillin [14], Furthermore, different polymorphic forms, and even crystal habits, may have a pronounced influence on the bioavailability of some drugs due to the different dissolution rates they exhibit. Such changes can also give rise to manufacturing problems. Polymorphism is, of course, not restricted to active ingredients, as shown, for example, in an evaluation of the tableting characteristics of five forms or sorbitol [15]. 

Solution Let us first choose a reference orthonormal set (j>, jp) to be used consistently in displaying the various matrices and vectors under discussion. For simplicity, we choose (pi, (p2 to be the ( Lowdin-orthogonalized ) functions that are closest to xa and Xb >n the mean-squared-deviation sense. The non-orthogonal functions xa and Xb (with(xJXb) = S ) can then be expressed in terms of reference orthonormal functions as... 

A work such as this, covering a wide spectmm of technologies, and having a historical dimension, can never be complete, even within its own terms of reference. More names, old and new, demand the attention of the author almost daily. More information on the processes is always to be found. In such a task, there comes a time when an author must consider whether the body of information already collected, incomplete though it may be, is sufficient for others to find useful. I hope that I have judged that time correctly. 

Also, in literature, there are two terms of reference, including PGE and platinum group minerals (PGM). From a flotation point of view, PGM is the more common term. Therefore, the term PGM will be used in this text. 

Introduction General summary, terms of reference, conduct of the investigation, team description. 

Attachments or Appendices Miscellaneous back-up information such as discussion of rejected or less-probable scenarios, documents of special interest or value, method and conduct of the investigation and team membership, photographs, diagrams, calculations, lab reports, references, noncontributory factors, terms of reference. 

For their part, the UK Government set up in August 1962 the Joint Subcommittee of the English and Scottish Standing Medical Advisory Committees, under the Chairmanship of The Lord Cohen of Birkenhead, with the following terms of reference ... 

Commensurate with the emphasis on drug safety, the terms of reference of the Subcommittee on Adverse Reactions were reviewed in 1971 and revised as follows ... 

Because of the rising future demands and delays in licensing, the Minister of Health announced on 11 March 1987 that he had commissioned a study of the control of medicines in the United Kingdom. The terms of reference were ... 

The Committee on Safety of Medicines (CSM) was established in 1970 under section 4 of the Medicines Act 1968. Its Terms of Reference are ... 

A plotting procedure that serves to test whether two reactions occur at the same active site. One makes a plot of total rate versus p, where p varies from 0 to 1 and specifies the concentrations (1 - p)Aq and pBo of two substrates in terms of reference concentrations Aq and Bq. If the two substrates react at the same active site. 

Normally, for pharmaceuticals, the requirement is <1 iS/cm, but this depends on the local terms of reference. 

The international and most national standards committees whose terms of reference are concerned specifically with the polymer industry deal only with small scale tests. The large scale tests, which are not usually specific to any one type of material, are covered by committees whose concern and expertise is fire. 

The objectives of ICH as laid down in their terms of reference in their early years were... 

International Joint Commission (1987) Revised Great Lakes water quality agreement of 1978—agreement with annexes and terms of reference, between the United States and Canada signed at Ottawa October 16, 1983 as amended by protocol signed November 18, 1987. International Joint Commission Canada and United States, Windsor... 

The F.W.G.P.M. Task Force addressed itself mainly to the problem of organophosphates, and its terms of reference were to identify areas in which information on occupational exposure to workers was unavailable, to make recommendations for the development of research protocols to determine safe reentry levels for the protection of agricultural and forest workers, and to suggest interim reentry standards based on existing knowledge. The report was controversial but drew attention to the lack of a substantial data base and to the urgent need for surveillance of pesticide-related morbidity and mortality and for research to identify factors influencing safe worker reentry levels. 

We need to begin with a brief review of atomic structure. Atoms consist of relatively compact nuclei containing protons and neutrons. At some distance from these dense nuclei each atom has electrons moving in a cloud around the central nucleus. The electrons move in shells or orbitals or probability waves (different words derived from more or less classic or quantum mechanical terms of reference) around the nucleus, and the number of electrons circulating in these orbitals depends on the element in question. Four things are particularly important for flow cytometrists to understand about these electrons First, atoms have precisely defined orbitals in which electrons may reside. Second, an electron can reside in any one of the defined orbitals but cannot reside in a region that falls between defined orbitals. Third, the energy of an electron is related to the orbital in... 

During the risk analysis, the measures must be accurately described to establish terms of reference, but no detailed engineering must be done during the analysis. It is also advisable to define a responsible person for the design and establishment of these measures. 

The reviewer confronted with the task of providing a comprehensive treatment of the conductivity of organic solids and covering both theoretical and experimental aspects faces an almost impossible situation. The body of experimental information is enormous and yet there is no unified theoretical approach which can adequately interpret all observations and measurements. Therefore, it is imperative in such a situation that the writer state his terms of reference and restrict his treatment to cover selected topics. The requirement to... 

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