Surface-enhanced Raman enhancement

SERS Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy [214-217] Same as RS but with roughened metal (usually silver) substrate Greatly enhanced intensity... 

See Refs. 80 and 81 for other examples. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy is discussed in Section XVI-4C. 

SERS. A phenomenon that certainly involves the adsorbent-adsorbate interaction is that of surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy, or SERS. The basic observation is that for pyridine adsorbed on surface-roughened silver, there is an amazing enhancement of the resonance Raman intensity (see Refs. 124—128). More recent work has involved other adsorbates and colloidal... 

R. K. Chang and T. E. Furtek, eds.. Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering, Plenum, New York, 1982. 

Plenary 3. Ronald E Hester et al, e-mail address reh York.ac.uk (SERS). Use of dioxane envelope to bring water insoluble cliromophores (chlorophylls) into contact with aqueous silver colloids for SERS enliancement. PSERRS— protected surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy . 

Freunscht P, Van Duyne R P and Schneider S 1997 Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of trans-stilbene adsorbed on platinum- or self-assembled monolayer-modified silver film over nanosphere surfaces Chem. Phys. Lett. 281 372-8... 

Yang W H, Hulteen J 0, Schatz G G and Van Duyne R P 1996 A surface-enhanced hyper-Raman and surface-enhanced Raman scattering study of trans-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene adsorbed onto silver film over nanosphere electrodes. Vibrational assignments experiments and theory J. Chem. Phys. 104 4313-26... 

Nie S and Emory S R 1997 Probing single molecules and single nanoparticles by surface-enhanced Raman scattering Science 275 1102-6... 

Nie S and Emory S R 1997 Near-field surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy on single silver nanoparticles Anal. Chem. 69 2631-5... 

Ruperez A and Laserna J J 1996 Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy Modern Techniques in Raman Spectroscopy ed J J Laserna (New York Wley) pp 227-64... 

Otto A 1991 Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of adsorbates J. Raman Spectrosc. 22 743-52... 

Kneipp K, Wang Y, Kneipp H, Itzkan I, Dasari R R and Feld M S 1996 Approach to single molecule detection using surface-enhanced Raman scattering ICORS 98 XVth Int. Conf on Raman Spectroscopy ed S A Asher and P B Stein (New York Wley) pp 636-7... 

Kneipp K, Kneipp H and Seifert F 1994 Near-infrared excitation profile study of surface-enhanced hyper-Raman scattering and surface-enhanced Raman scattering by means of tunable mode-locked... 

Yu N-T, Nie S and Lipscomb L 1990 Surface-enhanced hyper-Raman spectrosocpy with a picosecond laser. New vibrational information for non-centrosymmetric carbocyanine molecules adsorbed on colloidal silver J. Raman Spectrosc. 21 797-802... 

Baranov A V, Bobovich Y S and Petrov V I 1993 Surface-enhanced resonance hyper-Raman (SERHR) spectroscopy of photochromic molecules J. Raman Spectrosc. 24 695-7... 

Campion A and Kambhampati P 1998 Surface-enhanced Raman scattering Chem. See. Rev. 27 241-50... 

Zeisel D, Deckert V, Zenobi R and Vo-Dinh T 1998 Near-field surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of dye molecules adsorbed on silver island films Chem. Phys. Lett. 283 381... 

Michaels A M, Nirmal M and Brus L E 1999 Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy of individual rhodamine 6G molecules on large Ag nanocrystals J. Am. Chem. See. 121 9932-9... 

Xu FI, B]erneld E J, Kail M and Bdr]esson L 1999 Spectroscopy of single hemoglobin molecules by surface enhanced Raman scattering Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 4357-60... 

ANTIBIOTICS - Cm ORAMPHENICOL AND ANALOGUES] (Vol 2) sers. See Surface-enhanced Raman scattering. 

MOLE, however, is more sensitive than ETIR (<1 samples compared to about 100 p.m ). With surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy the Raman signal is enhanced by several orders of magnitude. This requires that the sample be absorbed on a metal surface (eg, Ag, Cu, or Au). It also yields sophisticated characterization data for the polytypes of siUcon carbide, graphite, etc. 

Intensity enhancement takes place on rough silver surfaces. Under such conditions, Raman scattering can be measured from monolayers of molecular substances adsorbed on the silver (pyridine was the original test case), a technique known as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. More recendy it has been found that sur-fiice enhancement also occurs when a thin layer of silver is sputtered onto a solid sample and the Raman scattering is observed through the silver. 

Surface-enhancement Electromagnetic and chemical effects can enhance the Raman intensities from substances in close proximity to appropriate metal surfaces by several orders of magnitude. 

Metal island films form spontaneously during slow evaporation of the metal on to supports with low adhesion. The metal islands can produce the surface-enhancement required for Raman characterization of the surface of the support. 

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