Surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering enhancement

Ren et al. reported a method to prepare a gold tip with a tip apex radius of 30 nm reproducibly [27]. They observed the TERS of a Malachite Green isothiocyanate (MGITC) monolayer on an Au(lll) surface and obtained an enhancement factor of about 1.6 X 10, by using the relation, q= /TERs/lRRs=g /l focus where q is the net increase in the signal. Iters snd rrs the signal intensities for TERS and RRS (resonance Raman scattering), respectively is the TERS enhancement (gis the field enhancement), a denotes the radius of the enhanced field, and Rfocus the radius of the laser focus. 

Rodger, C., Smith, W.E., Dent, G. and Edmondson, M. (1996) Surface-enhanced resonance-Raman scattering an informative prohe of surfaces. Journal of the Chemical Society Dalton Transactions, 791—799. 

Munro C.H., Smith W.E., Gamer M., Clarkson J., White P.C., Characterization of the surface of a citrate-reduced colloid optimized for use as a substrate for surface-enhanced resonance Raman-scattering, Langmuir 1995 11 3712-3720. 

K. Kneipp, A. Jorio, H. Kneipp, S.D.M. Brown, K. Shafer, J. Motz, R. Saito, G. Dresselhaus, and M.S. Dresslhaus, Polarization effects in surface-enhanced resonant Raman scattering of single-wall carbon nanotubes on colloidal silver clusters. Phys. Rev. B 63, 081401.1-081401.4 (2001). 

Surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS), 21 327-328 advantage of, 21 329 Surface Evolver software, 12 11 Surface excess, 24 135, 136 Surface extended X-ray absorption fine structure (SEXAFS), 19 179 24 72 Surface filtration, 11 322-323 Surface finish(es). See also Electroplating in electrochemical machining, 9 591 fatigue performance and, 13 486-487 Surface finishing agents, 12 33 Surface force apparatus, 1 517 Surface force-pore flow (SFPF) model,... 

Probing Metalloproteins Electronic absorption spectroscopy of copper proteins, 226, 1 electronic absorption spectroscopy of nonheme iron proteins, 226, 33 cobalt as probe and label of proteins, 226, 52 biochemical and spectroscopic probes of mercury(ii) coordination environments in proteins, 226, 71 low-temperature optical spectroscopy metalloprotein structure and dynamics, 226, 97 nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, 226, 119 nanosecond time-resolved absorption and polarization dichroism spectroscopies, 226, 147 real-time spectroscopic techniques for probing conformational dynamics of heme proteins, 226, 177 variable-temperature magnetic circular dichroism, 226, 199 linear dichroism, 226, 232 infrared spectroscopy, 226, 259 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 226, 289 infrared circular dichroism, 226, 306 Raman and resonance Raman spectroscopy, 226, 319 protein structure from ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy, 226, 374 single-crystal micro-Raman spectroscopy, 226, 397 nanosecond time-resolved resonance Raman spectroscopy, 226, 409 techniques for obtaining resonance Raman spectra of metalloproteins, 226, 431 Raman optical activity, 226, 470 surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering, 226, 482 luminescence... 

Another method for assaying the activity and stereoselectivity of enzymes at in vitro concentrations is based on surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) using silver nanoparticles (116). Turnover of a substrate leads to the release of a surface targeting dye, which is detected by SERRS. In a model study, lipase-catalyzed kinetic resolution of a dye-labeled chiral ester was investigated. It is currently unclear how precise the method is when identifying mutants which lead to E values higher than 10. The assay appears to be well suited as a pre-test for activity. 

Li et al. have performed a comparative study on the surface-enhanced resonance hyper-Raman scattering and surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) of dyes adsorbed on Ag electrode and Ag colloid [210]. 

The 10 11 M solution used for emission had an average of just 10 analyte molecules in the volume probed by the 514-nm excitation laser. [From Pj. G. Goulet, N.P.W. Pleczonka, and R. F. Aroca, "Overtones and Combinations in Single-Molecule Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Scattering Spectra," Anal. Chem. 2003, 75, 1918.]... 

S S CONTENTS Preface, C. Allen Bush. Methods in Macromo-lecular Crystallography, Andrew J. Howard and Thomas L. Poulos. Circular Dichroism and Conformation of Unordered Polypeptides, Robert W. Woody. Luminescence Studies with Horse Liver Dehydrogenase Information on the Structure, Dynamics, Transitions and Interactions of this Enzyme, Maurice R. Eftink. Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Scattering (SERRS) Spectroscopy A Probe of Biomolecular Structure and Bonding at Surfaces, Therese M. Cotton, Jae-Ho Kim and Randall E. Holt. Three-Dimensional Conformations of Complex Carbohydrates, C. Allen Bush and Perse-veranda Cagas. Index. 

Surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) has also been achieved using silver colloid aggregates produced in situ in the chip. This method was used to detect an azo dye, 5-(2,-methyl-3,5,-dinitrophenylazo)quinolin-8-ol, which is a derivative of the explosive, TNT. With this method, it was possible to detect 10 iL of 10 9 M dye (or 10 fmol). This represented a 20-fold increase in sensitivity over that achieved using a macro flow cell [739]. 

SERRS surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering... 

Moore et al. [419] used surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering to detect the activity of hydrolases at ultralow levels. The method was used to rapidly screen the relative activities and enantioselectivities of 14 enzymes including lipases, esterases and proteases. In the current format, the sensitivity of this technique was sufficient to detect 500 enzyme molecules, thus offering the potential to... 

Further enhancement can be observed if the exciting light additionally couples into an electronic transition of the adsorbate (surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering, SERRS). In this case, enhancement factors of... 

SERBS Surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering SHG Second harmonic generation... 

Figure 6.1-14 To illustrate the molecular (o) enhancement of SERS due to resonance Raman scattering for excitation into a charge transfer band of the adsorbate-metal-surface-complex the filled 7t and empty TC orbital levels of pyridine and the metallic density of states of copper are shown on the left- and right-hand side, respectively for details see text (Creighton, 1986).

Itoh, T., Biju, V., Ishikawa, M., Kikkawa, Y., Hashimoto, K., Ikehata, A., Ozaki, Y. (2006). Surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering and background light emission coupled with plasmon of single Ag nanoaggregates, y. Chem. Phys. 124 134708-1-6. 

Weitz D. A., Garo S., Gersten J. L, and Nitzan A. (1983). The enhancement of Raman scattering, resonance Raman scattering and fluorescence fi-om molecules adsorbed on a rough silver surface. J. Chem. Pl. 78 5324-5338. 

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