Surface-enhanced Raman sciences

Nie S and Emory S R 1997 Probing single molecules and single nanoparticles by surface-enhanced Raman scattering Science 275 1102-6... 

Le Ru E, Etchegoin P (2008) Principles of surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and related plasmonic effects. Elsevier Science, New York... 

Since the HRS scattering cross section is so small, enhancement of the signal intensity is indispensable for a practical use of the HRS technique in the field of molecular science. As already mentioned, one of the methods for signal enhancement is to use plasmonic resonances of metal nanostructures [20, 21, 25]. This enhancement technique is called surface-enhanced hyper-Raman scattering (SEHRS) because it is similar to that of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). In SERS or SEHRS, both excitation absorption and scattered emission benefit from plasmonic field enhancement. Therefore, the plasmonic enhancement factor M is described as... 

Fang Y, Seong NH, Dlott DD (2008) Measurement of the distribution of site enhancements in surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Science 321(5887) 388-392... 

Emory, S.R. and Nie, S. (1997) Probing single molecules and single nanopartides by surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Science, 275, 1102-1106. 

S. D. Christeserr, M. J. Lochner, M. Ellzy, K. M. Spencer, J. Sylvia and S. Clauson, Surface Enhanced Raman Detection and Identification of Chemical Agents in Water, 23rd Army Science Conference (2002). 

Fortunately, the success of surface science, optical and x-ray techniques in the last few decades has provided access for electrochemists to structural information of electrode/electrolyte interfaces. The optical and X-ray spectroscopic techniques have mainly been used in situ, i.e., in the presence of the bulk electrolyte. These techniques include EXAFS (extended x-ray absorption fine structure), SXS (surface x-ray scattering), XSff (x-ray standing wave technique, SERS (surface enhanced Raman scattering), NOM (nonlinear optical methods) IRS (infrared spectroscopy), MS (Mossbauer spectroscopy), RLS (radioactive labelling spectroscopy), STM (scanning tunneling microscopy), and... 

S.M. Nie and S. R. Emery, Probing Single Molecules and Single Nanopartuies by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering, Science 275, 1102 (1997)... 

Surface science is a rapidly developing field that has gained a lot from applications of laser spectroscopy [1499, 1500]. The sensitive technique of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, which gives information of molecules adsorbed on surfaces, was discussed in Sect. 3.4.2. 

Y. Wang et al.. Facile fabrication of large area of aggregated gold nanorods film for efficient surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 318(1), 82-87 (2008). 

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