Strategy for quality control

Sticher, O. and B. Meier. 1998. Hawthorn (Crataegus) biological activity and new strategies for quality control. In Lawsib, L. D. and R. Bauer (eds.). Phytomedicines of Europe, Chemistry and Biological Activity. American Chemical Society. Washington, D.C. p. 241-262. 

Six Sigma At companies like Motorola, Allied Signal, General Electric, DuPont, and many others, emphasis has been placed on quality control in manufacturing. Recently, General Electric has created teams to implement a 6 Sigma strategy for quality control (Coe, 2000). For each product and process, a team seeks to reduce the deviations from outside of critical-to-quality (CTQ) specifications to less than 3.4 events per million opportunities that is, to reduce variance in the CTQ specifications such that the upper and lower acceptance limits lie... 

Of the four strategies given above, the best condition for obtaining independent data for quality control (QC) are satisfied when INAA and RNAA results are compared, because the use of RNAA dramatically improves the selectivity of signal measurement and eliminates or greafiy reduces the measurement uncertainty sotuces, such as spectral interferences. A variety of radiochemical separations and... 

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbon dioxide (C02) are two major indicators of indoor air pollution in air-conditioned office buildings. Indoor air quality assessments would include VOCs and C02 measurements and attempt to identify their sources so that strategies for effective control may be implemented. Options for control may be source control and ventilation. Source control is the more effective while ventilation is potentially expensive, given the unpredictable (and usually rising) cost of energy. 

Process control books and journal articles tend to emphasize problems with a single controlled variable. In contrast, many processes require multivariable control with many process variables to be controlled. In fact, for virtually any important industrial process, at least two variables must be controlled product quality and throughput. In this section, strategies for multivariable control are considered. 

Catalysts and conditions for catalytic reduction were also carefully examined, as reduction of nitrated intermediates also posed dangers and required control strategies. These steps appear late in the quinoxaline synthesis therefore, full purging of anilines (e.g., 15) is essential for quality control. After a thorough analysis of all reaction steps, the team concluded that the direct and efficient discovery approach from benzazepine (8) to varenicline (1) could be safely and efficiently operated in a manufacturing setting with further development.34... 

Near-infrared spectroscopy was proposed as an alternative to several compendial test methods. As an example, ampicillin trihydrate was used to demonstrate that in total, eight quality criteria could be checked and its conformity index calculated.Additional che-mometrics for quality control were developed by the same group. Their strategy was used to distinguish differences in mean particle size of various lactose samples and to study the effectiveness of a blending process for homogenous mixture preparation. 

The results obtained within the SWIFT-WFD project, dealing with the preparation of water reference materials, will contribute to the future developments of such materials, especially for the analysis of pesticides and PAHs at low concentration levels. The two different strategies employed, direct fortification in the laboratory by using spiking solutions following detailed protocols, and fortification of the material before dispatch, led to homogeneous and satisfactory stable reference materials for quality control purposes. 

We hope that this book will contribute to the understanding and subsequent adoption of additional concepts and research strategies for the control of pests. We believe that biotechnology, with all its ramifications, will contribute to the common good of public health, economic vigor, and the overall quality of life. We also hope that this book will serve as a tool to identify unifying themes by which biotechnology can be applied to control the pests of crop plants. 

Analytical strategies ivhich employ combinations of various separation and/or detection methods are called orthogonal analytical concepts . They are an inevitable means for quality control in speciation, and provide the best chances to obtain correcf speciation results and even identification of heretofore unknoivn species. In analytical systems ivith only one separation and one detection system, the risk of coelution, impossibility of species identification or misidentification is high (e.g., McSheehy et al. 2002), but this problem can be solved by employing different systems in various ways. 

Schmitt R, Pavim A (2009) Flexible optical metrology strategies for the control and quality assurance of small series production. Proc SPIE 7389(Optical measurement systems for industrial inspection VI) 738902. doi 10.1117/12.827589 Schmitt R, Mallmann G, Peterka P (2011) Development of a FD-OCT for the inline process metrology in laser structuring systems. Proc SPIE 8082(Optical measurement systems for industrial inspection Vn) 808228. doi 10.1117/12.889365... 

Appropriate strategies for process control provide an assurance, with every product manufactured, that the desired product quality will be obtained. A test of the final product thereby validates that the process is indeed under control. 

Especially in an operating environment where quality has become more important than quantity, there is a strong desire to develop input-output models that can be used in advanced control applications, in order to develop control strategies for quality improvement. These models are usually discrete hnear transfer function (difference equation) type models, which provide a representation of the dynamic behaviour of the process at discrete sampling... 

There are several different strategies for air pollution control. The strategy just discussed and shown in Fig. 5-1 is called the air quality management strategy. It is distinguished from other strategies by its primary reliance on the development and promulgation of ambient air quality standards. 

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