Common good

Daly, H., and Cobb, J. (1989). For the Common Good. Boston Beacon Press. 

The problems posed by polymers in the environment are not solely, or even mainly, technical. Instead, they concern both politics and the behaviour of individuals within society. Litter, for example, is a social problem if specific individuals did not choose selfishly to discard their rubbish where they stood in the street, at the picnic site, or on the beach, there would be no litter. However, people do not behave for the common good but, sadly, generally favour the selfish option and such antisocial behaviour must be taken account of in any scheme for reducing the impact of polymers on the environment. 

Valentine, Basil. The triumphant chariot of antimony, being a conscientious discovery of the many reall transcendent excellencies included in that minerall, written by Basil Valentine a Benedictine monke. Faithfully Englished and published for the common good. By I. H. Oxon. London Printed for Thomas Bruster, and are to be sold at the Three Bibles neere the West end of Paules Church-yard in London, 1660. 175p. 

In human society, suicide often seems an irrational and impulsive act. Not so in the society of cells in an organism. Like obedient soldiers making a personal sacrifice for the common good, excess cells, or those that pose a threat to the well-being of the organism often commit suicide on command, via an orderly process of programmed cell death, or apoptosis. 

As project leaders they can be most effective in securing cooperation and resources. They are usually good negotiators. The risk is that they use their personal power for their own ends rather than the common good - that they play political games. 

The global interdependence with respect to pharmaceuticals provides powerful reasons for international, legal responses. Because both the risks of disease and the benefits of pharmaceuticals raise global externalities, individuals anywhere have an interest in the appropriate use and allocation of pharmaceuticals everywhere. Both the common good and enlightened self-interest preclude us from concluding that control over and access to pharmaceuticals should be considered as entirely private matters. 

Rights and the Common Good The Communitarian Perspective. 1995. Edited by Amitai Etzioni. New York St. Martin s Press. 

This chapter is dedicated to all members of the Schistosome Genome Network, past and present, and to WHO-TDR, without whose combined vision and willingness to collaborate for the common good, we would not be where we are today, and to the funding agencies and sequencing centres for having the faith to turn that vision into reality. 

Daly HE, Cobb JB. For the Common Good Redirecting the Economy Towards Community, Environment and a Sustainable Future. 2nd ed. Boston Beacon Press, 1994. 

These ratios are the most important means of quantitatively characterizing the effects of heterointeractions in copolymers, since their analytical formulas depend only on the chain composition and the cross excluded volume parameter uAB. For a particular miktoarm chain the ratio oG increases from a common good to selective and then to a common theta solvent since the intensity of heterointeractions increases. In Fig. 3 is illustrated the dependence of the chain topology as function of the length fraction of the B branch B=NB/(NA+NB). Similarly, the ratios y have higher values in a common theta than in a common good... 

As an extension of this work viscometry was used to study the conformation of A3B stars (A=PI and B=PS) in the common good solvent toluene [65]. In this case the experimental data, together with the ones obtained from the previous work, were used to extract the dimensionless ratio gg. This ratio expresses quantitatively the effects of heterointeractions between unlike segments on the conformational properties of the copolymers. The oG values for the A3B case were higher than for the A2B case it seems that this is due to the increased segment density of A units in the vicinity of B units for A3B. The experimental values compared rather well with the ones obtained from renormalization group theory and Monte Carlo calculations taking into account the uncertainty in the asymmetry correction coefficient used in the calculations (see Table 2). 

The versatility of the crosslinked structures opens a new broad avenue for their application in several areas. As mentioned above, corona-crosslinked PFS assemblies demonstrate excellent shape retention upon pyrolysis and permit the formation of ceramic replicas. We have also recently shown that in a common good solvent, the PFS chains in the microgel interior of xPMVS can serve as a microreactor forthe localized production of metal nanoparticles [25], We are also about to begin light scattering studies of PMVS micelles, before and after corona crosslinking, and hope to use these experiments to learn more about the self-assembled structures formed in dilute solution. 

In the development of a standard, a laboratory group may perform the research on which the document is based, write a report, and present it to a committee with a draft standard. Or, if most of the information is available, a task group may write the standard. In any case, a committee reviews and provides input to the document, so the committee provides a much broader information base. All laboratories benefit from the combined expertise. Thus, organizations that participate in standards development are pooling their resources for the common good. 

So, let us in these days, which coincide with the centenary anniversary of creation by A. Einstein of the relativity theory and quantum theory, do the utmost, that fruits of our scientific and practical activities will go only for the welfare of mankind, for the common good of our country. 

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