State Safety Programme

FIGURE 12.3 Government safety regulatory elements. (Modified from Irish Aviation Authority, State Safety Program, https //www.iaa.ie/state-safety-programme, downloaded October 14, 2013.)... 

A male roofer sits in the induction room and listens carefully, he nods in all the right places, agrees with the site rules and the fundamentals of the Incident and Injury Free (IIF) safety programme in place on site, and signs up to his method statement and risk assessments, which clearly state he will use the lanyard and harness at all times when working on the roof. A mere two hours later he is seen working on the pitch of a wet metal roof with his lanyard still attached to his harness and not to the safe anchor point a few feet away. This is an unsafe behaviour which could result in a serious, potentially fatal accident, should he lose balance, slip and fall. 

This chart shows the set of publications produced within the Research Reactor Safety Programme (RRSP), indicating those that have already been published. The chart also shows the hierarchy of the different publications in the IAEA Safety Series, namely, Safety Standards, Safety Guides and Safety Practices. These publications are prepared following strict procedures which include their submission for review and consensus of the technical content to an IAEA Technical Committee Meeting or Advisory Group Meeting for review and comments to all IAEA Member States and for a final technical review and approval to the IAEA Safety Series Review Committee (SSRC). 

These German, Canadian, and Norwegian findings support another statement in the above-mentioned OECD report An important conclusion of the Scientific Expert Group is that behavioural adaptation exists, and does have an effect on the safety benefits achieved through road safety programmes (OECD, 1990 p. 6). A comparative study of cars with and without ABS conducted in the United States came to the striking conclusion that the evidence is clear that anti-lock brakes are associated with increased fatality risk to occupants of the ABS-equipped vehicle (Farmer et al.,... 

Under ICAO s Universal Safety Oversight Audit Programme (USOAP), States are required to establish a safety programme where aircraft operators, maintenance organizations and services providers implement appropriate safety management systems. 

For most DOTs and local road agencies in the USA, Road Safety Audits are not carried out on the majority of schemes they are carried out on a relatively small percentage of the schemes that are considered most at risk from a user safety standpoint, or most able to benefit from the results of the audit. Since 2010, many state DOTs have adopted policies that integrate Road Safety Audits into their safety programmes and project development processes, although not for all projects. Some state DOTs and local agencies focus application of Road Safety Audits on resurfacing, restoration or rehabilitation (3R) projects that otherwise would not emphasise safety improvements. 

Although the traditional point of reference for safety interlock systems is a hard-wired implementation, a programmed implementation is an alternative. The potential for latent defects in software implementation is a definite concern. Another concern is that solid-state components are not guaranteed to fail to the safe state. The former is addressed by extensive testing the latter is addressed by manufacturer-supplied and/or user-supplied diagnostics that are routinely executed by the processor within the safety interlock system. Although issues must be addressed in programmable implementations, the hard-wired implementations are not perfect either. 

The eChemPortal is an effort of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in collaboration with the European Commission, the United States, Canada, lapan, the International Council of Chemical Associations, the Business and Industry Advisory Committee, the World Health Organization s International Program on Chemical Safety, the United Nations Environment Programme on Chemicals and environmental non-governmental organizations. 

Iimovation is also driven by state-backed R D programmes. A greater alignment of research promotion in accordance with gniding principles such as intrinsic safety of prodncts , short-range chemistiy or snstainable chemistry may give direction to innovation efforts in indnstiy. 

Innovation is also driven by state-promoted R D programmes. An emphatic reorientation of research support in accordance with guiding principles such as intrinsic safety of products , chemicals of low spatial range or sustainable chemistry may create an impetus for innovation efforts in the industry. 

Chemical risk assessments are carried out by many national and international bodies, including major actors such as the World Health Organization (WHO) - particularly the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), the OECD, the Unites States, and the European Union (EU). The efforts undertaken by these major acting bodies in terms of chemical risk assessments are reflected in this book. 

WHO/IPCS. 2002. Global assessment of the state-of-the-science of endocrine dismptors. International Programme on Chemical Safety. Geneva WHO. http /www.who.int/ipcs/publications/en/toc.pdf... 

Damstra T., Barlow, S., Bergman, A., Kavlock, R. and Van Der Kraak, G. (2002) (eds.), ICPS Global Assessment of the State-of-the-Science of Endocrine Disruptors, WHO/PCS/EDC/02.2, International Programme on Chemical Safety, World Health Organization, Geneva. 

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