Solid solubility total

Total Solids Soluble Polymer Total Polymer Difference... 

Efficiencies for removal in the wastewater treatment plant were estimated for total and soluble BOD, total COD, soluble COD, color, total suspended and dissolved solids, and total solids. The removal efficiencies summarized in Table 21.14 are high for total BOD, soluble BOD, and suspended solids, at 96%, 96%, and 95%, respectively. The removal efficiencies for total and soluble COD were significantly lower at 76% and 66%, respectively. The removal efficiency for color was only about 38%. This value is typical for biological treatment of pulp and paper wastewater, and may be due, at least partially, to the formation of new colored groups when the bleach effluents are oxidized in the treatment system. 

Assay of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Synthetic Solid Polymers. Hydrolysis of solid polymers was measured by the rate of their solubilization, and the measurement process does not necessarily involve complete hydrolysis into the constituent parts. The rate was determined by measuring the water-soluble total organic carbon (TOC) concentration at 30 °C in the reaction mixture using a Beckman TOC analyzer (Model 915-B). In the substrate and enzyme controls, enzyme or substrate was omitted from the reaction mixture. 

It should be mentioned that most authorities (17) consider the solid solubility of silicon in nickel to be several per cent in the temperature region of this study. The present sample contained only 0.3 per cent Si. This would indicate that a temperature-dependent fraction of the total finds it more economical, from the free energy standpoint, to occur as a surface phase. It may be that certain types of catalyst poisoning consist of the formation of surface phases of this kind on normally active regions of the catalyst. 

Stream Number Stream Source Liquid Flowrate (GPD) Arseni c Rate (Ib/MO) Percent Arsenic to HF Treatment System and Recycled Solids Total Arsenic Concentration (mg/L) Percent Solids Soluble Arsenic Concentration (mg/L)... 

Selectivity—The choice of solvent can significantly affect the purity of the extract, as the ratio of phytochemical solubility to total dissolved solids solubility is greatly influenced by the solvent used. 

Total Solids Soluble Solids (%) Insoluble Solids (%) Sol. Solids (%) Tot. Solids (%) Insol. Solids (%) Total Solids (%)... 

Let us consider the maximum solid solubility, in copper and silver respectively, of the divalent solutes zinc and cadmium. For every 100 atoms of this solid solution there are 60 atoms of monovalent Cu or Ag and 40 atoms of divalent Zn or Cd, so that the total number per 100 atoms of electrons donated to the electron cloud is (60 x l) + (40 x 2), i.e. 140. Thus, in these extreme solid solutions, the number of electrons per atom— i.e. the electron concentration—is 1 4. It can be shown that the maximum solid solubility of the trivalent and quadrivalent... 

In a solid-liquid two phase system, the solid can be dissolved in the liquid and the liquid can also be dissolved in the solid. A high solubility of the solid in the liquid will facilitate potentially a high mass transport rate through the liquid layer, which is the basic requirement of liquid-phase sintering. However, the dissolving of the liquid in the solid is totally prevented, otherwise the compact would be severely swelling due to the formation of transient liquid phases. The effect of solubUily on densification and swelling of the compact is demonstrated schematically in Fig. 5.33 [73]. 

The range of chemical analyses carried out to determine compliance with quality and specification requirements can include pH, titratable, and volatile acidity total solids, soluble solids (°Brix), water-in-soluble solids, sugars acid-insoluble ash, alkalinity of ash, mineral impurities, trace metals (tin, copper, zinc, iron, aluminum), heavy metals, e.g., lead ethanol preservatives such as sulfur dioxide, sorbic acid, benzoic acid, and benzoates. 

This means different types of SLE have to be distinguished. The type of SLE mainly depends on the mutual solubility of the components in the solid phase. There are systems with no, partial and total miscibility in the solid phase. The formation of solid solutions mainly depends on how well the lattice structure of compound 2 fits to the lattice structure of compound 1. Thus, complete solid solubility only occurs when the species have the same crystal stmcture and size. 

Phase equilibria for the complete isothermal section at 870 K have been determined by Fedyna (1988) using X-ray powder diffraction and microstructural analyses of 209 ternary alloys synthesized by arc melting ingots of Pr (99.75 mass%), Fe (99.90 mass%) and Ge (99.99 mass%). The alloys were annealed in evacuated quartz tubes for 500-900 hours at 870 K. The total number of compounds observed was nine. The mutual solid solubilities of the binary compounds were reported to be negligible. Phase equilibria in the isothermal section at 870 K are presented in fig. 53. 

The variety of mixed conductors is also very high and is associated with their applications in solid oxide fuel cells as electrode materials. The addition of the transition metal oxides to these conductors limits the decrease of the total conductivity and maintenance of its ionic nature. Further doping leads to a separation of a transition metal oxide phase inducing a correlative decrease of the ionic conductivity and an increase of the electronic conductivity, especially at low temperatures. Mixed conductivity was observed only in transition metal oxide phases and electronic conductivity in the zirconia-rich parts of the binary and ternary systems. The phase separation of a transition metal oxide starts at the ceramic grain boundaries. Then, the second phase forms grains and cross-linked structures, and the conductivity approaches to that of the pure transition metal oxide. The enhancement of the solid solubility of the transition metal cations with the increase of the temperature is characteristic of most studied ternary systems. When the concentration of the stabilizing dopant is changed, the... 

Potato Insect and viral resistance crySA and orfl/orf2 or PVYcp Pr, total solids, soluble protein, Glc, Sue, AA, M, vitamins C, Bg niacin, glycoaUcaloids / / Rogan et al. (2000)... 

The amounts of second phases present in aluminum and alumiinim alloys products vary fiom nearly zero in products of aluminum 1199 and some others that also are neady pure solid solutions. Second-phase amounts in other such products total more than 20% in hypereutectic aluminum-silicon casting alloys, such as 392.0 and 393.0. These phases are generally intermetallic compounds of binary, ternary, or higher-order compositions, although some elements in excess of their solid solubility are present as elemental phases. Electrode potentials of some of the simpler second-phase constituents have been measured and are shown in Table 6. 

Then N-Boc-O-benzylserine is coupled to the free amino group with DCC. This concludes one cycle (N° -deprotection, neutralization, coupling) in solid-phase synthesis. All three steps can be driven to very high total yields (< 99.5%) since excesses of Boc-amino acids and DCC (about fourfold) in CHjClj can be used and since side-reactions which lead to soluble products do not lower the yield of condensation product. One side-reaction in DCC-promoted condensations leads to N-acylated ureas. These products will remain in solution and not reaa with the polymer-bound amine. At the end of the reaction time, the polymer is filtered off and washed. The times consumed for 99% completion of condensation vary from 5 min for small amino acids to several hours for a bulky amino acid, e.g. Boc-Ile, with other bulky amino acids on a resin. A new cycle can begin without any workup problems (R.B. Merrifield, 1969 B.W. Erickson, 1976 M. Bodanszky, 1976). 

To measure a residence-time distribution, a pulse of tagged feed is inserted into a continuous mill and the effluent is sampled on a schedule. If it is a dry miU, a soluble tracer such as salt or dye may be used and the samples analyzed conductimetricaUy or colorimetricaUy. If it is a wet mill, the tracer must be a solid of similar density to the ore. Materials hke copper concentrate, chrome brick, or barites have been used as tracers and analyzed by X-ray fluorescence. To plot results in log-normal coordinates, the concentration data must first be normalized from the form of Fig. 20-15 to the form of cumulative percent discharged, as in Fig. 20-16. For this, one must either know the total amount of pulse fed or determine it by a simple numerical integration... 

One example is sampling for S02- Liquid sorbents for SO2 depend on the solubility of SO2 in the liquid collection medium. Certain liquids at the correct pH are capable of removing ambient concentrations of SO2 with 100% efficiency until the characteristics of the solution are altered so that no more SO2 may be dissolved in the volume of liquid provided. Under these circumstances, sampling is 100% efficient for a limited total mass of SO2 transferred to the solution, and the technique is acceptable as long as sampling does not continue beyond the time that the sampling solution is saturated (1). A second example is the use of solid sorbents such as Tenax... 

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