Percent solids

Fig. 5. Viscosities of sodium silicate solutions vs percent solids A, ratio of 3.22 B, 2.4 C, 2.0 D, 1.6 and (-----), NaOH. To convert Pa-s to poise, divide...

The Karr column is particularly well suited for systems which tend to emulsify since its uniform shear characteristics tend to minimize emulsion formation. It is also particularly well suited for corrosive systems (since the plates can be constructed of non-metals) or for systems containing significant solids (due to its large open area and hole size on the plates). Slurries containing up to 30 percent solids have been successfully processed in Karr columns. 

W1 is Bond work index based on 100 percent passing a 200-mesh sieve, is the sohds feed rate in kg/min, and S is weight percent solids in the feed. This represents experimental data for limestone, feldspar, sulfide ore, and quartz. The influence of Wl is believed to be due to its effect on amount of fines present in the mill. Parameters that did not affect are specific gravity of feed material, and feed size over the narrow range studied. 

FIG. 20 33 Effect of percent solids on the wear of mild steel halls, net weight of 325 mesh material produced, and pulp viscosity after grinding magnetic taconite for 60 min [Iwasaki et al.. International J. Mineral Processing, 22, 345A360 (1988).]... 

In the wet process, the clay is masticated in a pug mill to break up lumps and then dispersed with a dispersing aid and water to make a 40 percent solids slip of low viscosity. A hi -speed agitator such as a Cowles dissolver is used for this purpose. Sands are settled out, and then the clay is classified into two size fractious in either a Hydrosettler or a continuous Sharpies or Bird centrifuge. The fine fraction, with sizes of less than 1 [Lm, is used as a pigment and for paper coating, while the coarser fraction is used as a paper filler. 

FIG. 20-78 Reaction in compacts of magnesium carbonate when pressed (P = 671 kg/cnr ). (a) Stress contour levels in kilograms per square centimeter, (h) Density contours in percent solids, (c) Reaction force developed at wedge responsible for stress and density patterns. [Tf ain, Trans. Inst. Cbem. Eng. (London), 35, 258 (1957).]... 

Flotation Air flotation has proved to be successful in concentrating secondaiy sludges to about 4 percent solids. The incoming solids are normally saturated with air at 275 to 350 kPa (40 to 50 psig) prior to being released in the flotation tank. As the air comes out of solution, the fine bubbles are trapped under the suspended solids and cany... 

Figure 55 indicates that the level of percent solids is extremely important in determining the proper separation, the higher the concentration, the coarser the separation. The correction factor is a relative measure of slurry viscosity and is affected by such parameters as particle present and particle shape. A feed that contains a large amount of clay would tend to shift the curve to the left, resulting in a coarser separation. In contrast, the absence of fines would shift the curve to the right and result in a finer separation. 

Defining (J) as the percent solids in the mud from the precoat filter, then ... 

Quicklime, CaO, has a density range of approximately 55 to 75 Ib/cu ft, and a molecular weight of 56.08. A slurry for feeding, called milk of lime, can be prepared with up to 45 percent solids. Lime is only slightly soluble, and both lime dust and slurries are caustic in nature. A saturated solution of lime has a pH of about 12.4. 

Micropores are invisible to the naked human eye thus for outsiders it is always surprising that separators of typically 60 percent porosity (i.e., 60 percent void volume, 40 percent solid material) present the impression of a compact, hole-free, nontransparent sheet. 

The term plastisol is used to describe a vinyl dispersion that contains no volatile thin-ners or diluents. Plastisols often contain stabilizers, fillers, and pigments, along with the essential dispersion plastics and the liquid plasticizer. All ingredients exhibit very low volatility under processing and use conditions. Plastisols can be made into thick fused sections with no concern for solvent or water blistering, as with solution or latex systems, so they are described as being 100 percent solids. 

Free radical copolymerizations of the alkyl methacrylates were carried out in toluene at 60°C with 0.1 weight percent (based on monomer) AIBN initiator, while the styrenic systems were polymerized in cyclohexane. The solvent choices were primarily based on systems which would be homogeneous but also show low chain transfer constants. Methacrylate polymerizations were carried out at 20 weight percent solids... 

Percent solid settled In tests where adsorption and flocculation were determined simultaneously, the 200 ml sample was allowed to settle for 30 seconds and then 100 ml of the supernatant was removed using a suction device and after centrifugation analyzed for residual polymer concentration. The minimum level of detection was at 0.5 to 1 ppm and the reproducibility of the adsorption measurements was 2-3%. The settled 100 ml portion was analyzed for solid content. Flocculation due to polymer addition is measured by noting % solid settled as a function of polymer concentration. 

The flocculation responses studied are settling rate, percent solid settled, supernatant clarity, sediment volume and slurry viscosity. The polymer concentration and polymer anionicity required for maximum flocculation were seen clearly to depend on the response studied. Both the settling rate and the supernatant clarity with the nonionic polyacrylamide flocculent showed at pH 4.5 a marked increase to a maximum at about 25 mg/kg, whereas with the anionic polymer settling rate and supernatant clarity showed maxima at 10-25 mg/kg, but the system was totally... 

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