Societal expectations

In addition, societal expectations about substance use seem to be related to the susceptibility of societal members to experience drug-related problems. Many respected researchers believe that exposure to responsible substance use in society early in life may promote more moderate substance use in those societies where such behavior is sanctioned. One striking example is the Netherlands, which legalized marijuana use in coffee shops two decades ago but currently has lower marijuana abuse rates than the United States. We have no idea whether this kind of societal exposure would work with more potent substances than marijuana, although the same results have been found for alcohol in France, which has a much lower cirrhosis rate than the United States even... 

Public image and societal expectations. This may be fueled by an adversarial attitude in the community toward the facility or process or the desire to lead the environmental movement instead of being pushed. 

Societal expectations for the chemical industry will continue to increase driven by a number of forces such as the following ... 

Rising societal expectations for corporate responsibility have created a new class of socially-responsible investors, customers, and employees and, more generally, a broader public awareness of human health and ecological risks. 

The opportunity for industry today is to understand its impact on stakeholders, anticipate changing societal expectations, and use its capacity for innovation to create additional business value from superior social and environmental performance. Capitalizing on this opportunity requires that companies apply the same systematic discipline in managing social and environmental performance as they do in managing other aspects of business performance. 

Implement enhanced product stewardship commitments consistent with the ICCA s Global Chemicals Management Policy, and periodically assess product stewardship practices in the light of evolving societal expectations for chemical products. 

Welfare state change, however, is difficult particularly if it involves retrenchment of well-established policies and societal expectations and therefore depends on particular explanatory factors (Pierson 1994, 2001). Analysing welfare state change has therefore been a major topic of comparative studies. 

The industry faces enormous challenges to its survival owing to escalating costs and the need to provide safe and effective treatment for human diseases. Moreover, the downstream issues, especially as they relate to societal expectations and regulatory pressures, cannot be ignored. 

Regulatory requirements Industry practices Societal expectations Feasibihty, effectiveness, and reliabihty Availability of the mitigation option Skill and ingenrrity of workforce Automated technology vs. mantral application Cost-benefit... 

What is needed is smooth handover from the Initial Airworthiness Phase to the Continuing Airworthiness Phase, with the ability to accomplish some of the outcomes listed in Section 11.1.3. Certifying staff always need to remember that airworthiness is the delivery of the technical aspects of a societal expectation for safety, not the delivery of safety in itself. 

For more information on the societal expectation, see Kritzinger (2006) para 2.1. 

Still today, there is a gap between short-term economic view and long-term sustainability in breeding goals. This difference leads to the attribution of a market or non-market value to the breeding traits (Olesen et fl/., 2000). With the increasing societal expectations of sustainable development, more efforts on non-market value traits (animal welfare, reduced environmental impact, safe and healthy food) are required. With an... 

Over time, ZIO will become the benchmark against which the adequacy of occupational safety and health management systems will be measured. Societal expectations of employers with respect to their safety and health management systems will be defined by the standard s provisions. 

It would be folly for safety and health professionals to ignore the long-range impact that ZIO will have on societal expectations concerning the quality of the safety and health management systems employers have in place, and on the expectations employers will have concerning the knowledge and capabilities of their safety and health staffs. 

The role of external organizations is set out in Chapter 1. Here the influence they can have is briefly discussed, including societal expectations, legislation and enforcement, insurance companies, trade unions, economics, commercial stakeholders. 

Societal expectations are not static and tend to rise over time, particularly in a wealthy nation like the UK. For example, the standards of safety accepted in a motor car fifty years ago would be considered to be totally inadequate at the beginning of the 21st century. We expect safe, quiet, comfortable cars that do not break down and retain their appearance for many thousands of miles. Industry should strive to deliver these same high standards for the health and safety of employees or service providers. The question is whether societal expectations are as great an influence on workplace... 

Chronic health care in Europe, like the rest of the developed world, is characterized by an increasingly aging population often with complex medical problems, an increase in societal expectations, and an increase in the dependence on expensive technology. Chronic respiratory failure is no different and is expected to rise in prevalence because of the aging population and possibly because of increased tobacco use. The expansion in Europe (1-3) and the United States (4) over the last three decades in the use of home mechanical ventilation (HMV) mirrors this trend. HMV is used to treat chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure in both adults and children and is usually delivered non-invasively (NIV) with the majority of patients using only nocturnal or nocturnal plus part daytime NIV. NIV has been shown to reduce mortality and morbidity (5,6) and to improve quality of life (7). 

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