Breeding goal

For an assessment of environmental indicators, the biological or health-related aspects of animal welfare will be taken into consideration. Most indicators of animal welfare reflect relatively specific problems, measuring different components of welfare rather than welfare per se. Some of the parameters that may serve to describe the indicator animal welfare are immune problems, occurrence of disease, reduced productivity, mortality, physiological stress and behavioural deprivation. These parameters are influenced by animal husbandry issues such as housing conditions, breeding goals, and health measures, i.e. veterinary medicine. These factors are the subject of the following sections. 

Breeding includes the choice of suitable performance parameters (breeding goals/traits), ways to combine performance information (e.g. selection index), selection of animals to reach breeding goals and the respective breeding techniques (e.g. natural mating, artificial insemination [AI]). 

Olesen, 1., Groen, A.F. and Gjerde, B. 2000. Definition of animal breeding goals for sustainable production systems. Journal of Animal Science 78 570-582. 

Still today, there is a gap between short-term economic view and long-term sustainability in breeding goals. This difference leads to the attribution of a market or non-market value to the breeding traits (Olesen et fl/., 2000). With the increasing societal expectations of sustainable development, more efforts on non-market value traits (animal welfare, reduced environmental impact, safe and healthy food) are required. With an... 

Oltenacu, P. A. and B. Algers, 2005. Selection for increased production and the welfare of dairy cows are new breeding goals needed Ambio Vol. 34, 4-5. 

There are no reports about special breeding goals or agronomic work with respect to b. 

Since downy mildew is one of the most serious fungal diseases worldwide, breeding for resistance is a very common breeding goal in different breeding programmes around the... 

The main breeding goals can be therefore sununarized as follows ... 

As far as red wines are concerned, the breeding goal was to select cultivars suitable for making full-bodied, extractive wines with a good tannin structure and capable of ripening well under the climatic conditions of the Czech Republic. As the parental material, cultivars typical for the region of Central Europe were used (i.e. Blaufrankisch and Saint Laurent). 

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