Small interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs (siRNA) are the mediators of gene-specific silencing by RNA interference. SiRNA stands for small interfering RNA duplexes. They are typically 21-23 bp in length. SiRNA were either chemically synthesised for experimental purposes or produced by Dicer-mediated cleavage of long double-stranded RNA. [Pg.1133]

Lee NS, Dohjima T, Bauer G, Li H, Li MJ, Ehsani A, Salvaterra P, Rossi J (2002) Expression of small interfering RNAs targeted against HIV-1 rev transcripts in human cells, Nat Biotechnol 20 500-505... [Pg.260]

Qin XF, An DS, Chen ISY, Baltimore D (2003) Inhibiting HlV-1 infection in human T cells by lentiviral-mediated delivery of small interfering RNA against CCR5, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100 183-188... [Pg.261]

Wang Z, Ren L, Zhao X, Hung T, Meng A, Wang J, Chen YG (2004) Inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome virus replication by small interfering RNAs in mammalian ceUs, J Virol 78 7523-7527... [Pg.262]

Zhou N, Fang J, Mukhtar M, Acheampong E, Pomerantz RJ (2004) Inhibition of HIV-1 fusion with small interfering RNAs targeting the chemokine coreceptor CXCR4. Gene Ther 11 1703-1712... [Pg.264]

Antisense RNAs, RNA decoys, ribozymes, small interfering RNAs, and RNA ap-tamers are potential tools in antiviral gene therapy. The application of the antiviral RNAs is described in detail in Chap. 9 of this volnme by J. Haasnoot and B. Berkhont. [Pg.278]

Recently, the related phenomenon of RNA interference (RNAi) has attracted much attention [5]. RNAi occurs when a short (generally 21 nucleotides in length) double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) catalyticaUy represses the translation of a fully complementary mRNA sequence. The process appears to proceed via a complex formed between the antisense RNA strand and a protein with RNase activity [6]. Upon binding to the target mRNA sequence, the ribonucleoprotein complex initiates cleavage of the mRNA transcript thus preventing translation of intact protein. After dissociation from the truncated mRNAs, the ribonucleoprotein complex is free to act on other intact mRNAs. Such small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) have... [Pg.193]

Chen Y, Stamatoyannopoulos G, Song C-Z. Down-regulation of CXCR4 by inducible small interfering RNA inhibits breast cancer cell invasion in vitro. Cancer Res 2003 63 4801 1804. [Pg.345]

Meyer M, Wagner E (2006) Recent developments in the application of plasmid DNA-based vectors and small interfering RNA therapeutics for cancer. Hum Gene Ther 17 1062-1076... [Pg.19]

Hu-Lieskovan S, Heidel JD, Bartlett DW, Davis ME, Triche TJ (2005) Sequence-specific knockdown of EWS-FLI1 by targeted, nonviral delivery of small interfering RNA inhibits tumor growth in a murine model of metastatic Ewing s sarcoma. Cancer Res 65 8984—8992... [Pg.24]

Thomas M, Kularatne S A, Qi L, Kleindl P, Leamon CP, Hansen MJ, Low PS (2009) Ligand-targeted delivery of small interfering RNAs to malignant cells and tissues. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1175 32-39... [Pg.25]

Oskuee RK, Philipp A, Dehshahri A, Wagner E, Ramezani M (2010) The impact of carboxyalkylation of branched polyethylenimine on effectiveness in small interfering RNA delivery. J Gene Med 12 729-738... [Pg.26]

Oligonucleotide-based drugs such as antisense drugs, aptamers, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) have attracted considerable attention as promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of various human diseases [59], To develop... [Pg.131]

Lares MR, Rossi JJ, Ouellet DL (2010) RNAi and small interfering RNAs in human disease therapeutic applications. Trends Biotechnol 28 570-579... [Pg.139]

Sioud, M. and Iversen, R 2005. Ribozymes, DNAzymes and small interfering RNAs as therapeutics. Current... [Pg.463]

Zhang Z et al. (2006). Delivery of telomerase reverse transcriptase small interfering RNA in complex with positively charged single-walled carbon nanotubes suppresses tumor growth. Clin. Cancer Res. 12(16) 4933 1939. [Pg.282]

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular defense mechanism through which double stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) are processed into short lengths of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) of 20-25 nucleotides by an enzyme called Dicer (Fig. 3.10). [Pg.81]

Source Kumar P, et al. Transvascular delivery of small interfering RNA to the central nervous system, Nature 448 39-43 (2007). [Pg.151]

In summary, the preformed vesicle approach and detergent dialysis procedure have enabled development of nucleic acid-based therapeutics with clinical utility. Further applications of these liposomal systems with new nucleic acid-based therapeutics such as small interfering RNA for gene silencing are being developed and have demonstrated promising results (28). [Pg.146]

Proteasome inhibition by lactacystin and Bz-LLL-COCHO (benzol-Leu-Leu-Leu-glyoxal) causes a significant increase of ABP and cell death by altering APP processing at the y-secretase site (406). Resveratrol does not inhibit ABP production because it has no effect on 3-, or y-secretases, but promotes instead intracellular degradation of ABP via a mechanism that involves the proteasome. The resveratrol-induced decrease of ABP can be effectively prevented by several selective proteasome inhibitors and by small interfering RNA-directed silencing on the proteasome subunit P5 (407). [Pg.269]

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