Shore scleroscope

Wallerius-Hauy method methods based on Reau- Rosival Scott tower Shore scleroscope... 

Hardness of some rocks measured with Shore scleroscope (after Shepherd, from Winkler, 1973)... 

A separate group of methods of limited usefulness in regard to brittle materials, making use of impact action with an indenter or steel ball, with registration of elastic rebound of a hammer or beater from the sample, consists of measurements with the Shore scleroscope, the duroscope and several other testers based on this principle, where the results come close to those obtained by the Brinell method. Working on the same principle is also the impact hardness tester, in which the depth of the indent or scratch made by a diamond indenter is measured. 

I. Variation of the Brinell Hardness and Shock Resistance with the amount of cold loork, using test pieces taken from, sheets 10 mm. thick, and of the Shore scleroscope hardness, with the amount of cold work, for sheets of the thin series. 

The maximum softening is defined in terms of the Shore scleroscope number. The metal may be regarded as completely annealed when the scleroscope hardness is 4-5, this being the maximum softness from the point of view of practical rolling. Sheets having this degree of hardness, says Anderson, are as soft as is usual, though occasionally cases arise where the scleroscope number falls to 3-5. ... 

The percentage reduction of area is determined. The Shore scleroscope number shows the hardness and hence the degree of softness. The Ericlisen machine shows the suitability of the metal for further work, not only by the depth of the dome, but by the large or small appearance of the grains. The anneals were carried out in a laboratory electric furnace, temperatures being measured to the nearest 5°C., and the times being recorded. 

Annealing cold-rolled aluminium sheet of different thicknesses for twenty-four hours at 370° gave, for a Shore scleroscope number between 4 and 5, Erichsen domes showing gross crystallisation, and metal little suitable for drawing. 

Brinefl Indentation Dla(mm) Brinell Hardness Nunber C-Scale 15-N Scale 30-N Scale 45-N Scale 45-lui Load Shore Scleroscope Hardness Approximate Tensile Strenath (ksi)... 

The energy absorbed when an object strikes a surface is related to the hardness of the surface the harder the surface, the less the energy absorbed, and the greater the rebound height of the object after impact. Several methods have been developed to measure hardness in this way. The most common method uses a Shore scleroscope, in which the hardness is determined fi om the rebound height after the impact of a diamond cone dropped onto the surface of the test piece. Typical values of Scleroscope hardness together with the Rockwell M values (in parentheses) for some common plastics are as follows PMMA 99 (M 102), LDPE 45 (M 25), polystyrene 70 (M 83), and PVC 75 (M 60). 

Hardness -nos n (before 12c) (1) The resistance to local deformation. (2) Ability of a coating film, as distinct from its substrate, to resist cutting, indentation, or penetration by a hard object. An arbitrary scale of hardness is based upon ten selected minerals. For metals the diameter of the indentation made by a hardened steel sphere (Brinnell) or the height of rebound of a small drop hammer (Shore Scleroscope) serve to measure hardness. See Barcol Hardness, Brinell Hardness, Durometer, Indentation Hardness, Knoop Hardness Number,... 

Hardness is a measurement of material resistance to plastic deformation in most cases. It is a simple nondestructive technique to test material indentation resistance, scratch resistance, wear resistance, or machinability. Hardness testing can be conducted by various methods, and it has long been used in analyzing part mechanical properties. In reverse engineering, this test is also widely used to check the material heat treatment condition and strength, particularly for a noncritical part, to save costs. The hardness of a material is usually quantitatively represented by a hardness number in various scales. The most utilized scales are Brinell, Rockwell, and Vickers for bulk hardness measurements. Knoop, Vickers microhardness, and other microhardness scales are used for very small area hardness measurements. Rockwell superficial and Shore scleroscope tests are used for surface hardness measurements. Surface hardness can also be measured on a nanoscale today. 

Vickers microhardness is most widely used for microhardness fests of thin coatings. The Shore scleroscope hardness test is a dynamic test that measures rebound height/energy as an indicator of surface hardness by dropping a test hammer onto the surface. The rebound height/energy is heavily dependent on the material elasticity therefore, the Shore hardness should only be... 

In testing the abrasiveness of floor finish of man-made materials, special variations of Shore s scleroscope are commonest. For ceramic and rock floor tiles, the commonest testers are Bohme s disc and the Teledyne Abra-der. For sewage and chemical stoneware, the standards now in force recommend abrasiveness tests with the use of a sandblasting jet blower. For technical reasons, a more precise Mackensen blower method for stoneware testing has been in use in Poland for several years. From the experience gained over years, a standard recommending Mackensen s method has been laid down for stoneware abrasiveness tests. Research results proved the usefulness of this method also for other ceramic materials. 

Another type of hardness measurement is that involving the dynamic deformation or indentation of the material specimen. In the most direct method an indenter is dropped on to the metal surface and the hardness is expressed in terms of the energy of impact and the size of the resultant indentation (Martel, 1895). In the Shore rebound scleroscope (Shore, 1918) the hardness is expressed in terms of... 

The so-called Shore hardnesses are measured differently for metals and plastics. With hard materials (metals), a scleroscope is used to measure the rebound of a small steel ball. This Shore hardness is thus measured by a dynamic method, which yields the rebound hardness (the impact elasticity of the rubber industry). Soft plastics, on the other hand, are tested with a Shore durometer. This measures the resistance to the penetration of the point of a cone through the contraction of a calibrated spring. The durometer thus works according to a static method, and yields the true Shore hardness as understood by the rubber industry. Like the Rockwell hardness, the Shore hardness is given in scale divisions. 

A team of men operating a blowing or pressing process in a glass-works. Shore Hardness Tester or Scleroscope. 

The hardness is generally measured with a Shore model C-2 Scleroscope with a specially calibrated diamond-tip hammer.f l... 

The microhardness measurements by Shore (scale D) were performed according to Cost 24 621-91 on Scleroscope HD-3000, model 05-2 of form Hildebrand, production of German Federal Republic. The samples have cylindrical shape with diameter of 40 mm and height of 3 mm. 

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