Mineral selection

Morgan, P., Lewis, S. T. Watkinson, R.J. (1991). Comparison of abilities of white-rot fungi to mineralize selected xenobiotic compounds. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 34, 693-6. 

Agglomeration Tabling applied to phosphate potash minerals. Selective flocculation followed by separation on tables. 

A important relationship between physical and chemical weathering was proposed by Carson and Kirby (1972) and Stallard and Edmond (1983), who differentiated mineral selectivity in... 

Lead ion, Pb(II) present in pore fluids, is highly adsorbed by clay minerals. Selectivity of kaolinite for Pb is higher than Ca, Cu, Zn, and Cd (Alloway, 1990). For a given type of clay, lead adsorption is mainly controlled by its concentration and the pH value of the solution. Past results showed that the ratio of adsorbed lead to total lead in kaolinite increases linearly with pH up to 5 (Yong et al, 1990). The following empirical relation developed by Alshawabkeh and Acar (1996) was used to represent the lead adsorption of kaolinite at different pH values ... 

The present chapter gives an overview of the ap>plication of Attenuated total reflection -Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR) to the environmentally important mineral - aqueous electrolyte interface. At these interfaces the important adsorption processes occur that limit the availability of potentially toxic solutes. These retention processes may retard for example the migration of solutes in aquifer systems or even immobilize them on the aquifer material, which is usually a natural mineral. Selected solutes may also via a preliminary adsorption process, which weakens bonds, enhance both dissolution kinetics and the equilibrium solubihty of a given mineral. 

Equally critical as the mineral selection is the choice of the surface modifying chemical(s). Selection of the surface modifying chemical is directed by the polymer system to be used, its processing and ccnopounding limitations, required composite properties, and mineral reinforcement used. 

Microwave roasting has been developed as a potential thermal pretreatment process due to its ability to heat ore minerals selectively. The process can not only effectively oxidize the sulfide matrix in refractory gold ores but also greatly reduce the operation cost [11]. Investigation on the removal of sulfur and arsenic fiom a refractory gold concentrate by microwave heating showed... 

As suggested by the discussion above, the typical pesticide formulator is not going to be an expert on minerals. Selection of a mineral for a pesticide formulation is fairly simple - can one be found that is on the EPA s list of exempt inerts, that has adequate absorbency, that has an appropriate density, that gives a free flowing end-use product, and is chemically compatible with the active ingredient Any mineral that fits can be used. If there is no fit the pesticide formulator has the option to develop an entirely different formulation. 

The differences in lanthanide distributions between such ultramafic accumulates and their parent liquids emphasize the difficulties in inferring genetic relationships between some types of related materials just from lanthanide distributions alone. Frey et al. (1971) noted that monomineralic ultramafic rocks (e.g., nearly pure olivine or pyroxene) seemed to have more fractionated relative abundances than rocks with several minerals, for which mineral selectivities for certain lanthanides in many cases tend to balance each other. Garmann et al. (1975) reported lanthanide concentrations for three dunites (nearly pure olivine rocks) all three had distributions somewhat enriched in lighter lanthanides, similar to that from the Muskox intrusion (Frey et al., 1971). 

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