Secretions Gastric secretion

Lysozyme breaks down the peptidoglycans by hydrolysis of the y3(l 4) glycosidic bond between N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid. Lysozyme occurs in tears, nasal and bronchial secretions, gastric secretions, milk, and tissues and may have a protective effect against air- and food-borne bacterial infections. 

Betazole (683) H CH2CH2NH2 H H Diagnostic aid (gastric secretion) B-76MI40404... 

In addition, Pfister and coworkers investigated 3-hydroxyflavone-6-carboxylic acids as histamine induced gastric secretion inhibitors. After condensing 3-acetyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (45) with a variety of aldehydes 46 to deliver the chalcones 47, these purified chalcones were then subjected to the standard AFO conditions to afford flavonols 48 in 51-80% yield. Subsequent alkylation of 48 with methyl iodide or isopropyl iodide followed by saponification of the corresponding esters gave the target compounds. 

The discovery of the antiulcer activity of H2 antihistamine antagonists has revolutionized the treatment of that disease. A benzimidazole. Omeprazole (55), inhibits gastric secretion and subsequent ulcer formation by a quite different mechanism. Studies at the molecular level suggest that this compound inhibits K /H dependent ATPase and consequently shuts down the proton pumping action of this enzyme system. 

Therapeutic Function Diagnostic aid (gastric secretion) Chemical Name 1 H-pyrazole-3-ethanamine Common Name amlnoethylpyrazole ametazole... 

These drug are used for the medical treatment of agastric or duodenal ulcer, gastric hypersecretory (excessive gastric secretion of hydrochloric acid) conditions, and GERD. These drug may also be used as prophylaxis of stress-related ulcers and acute upper GI bleeding in critically ill patients. 

Approaches (1) and (2) depend on sufficient cholinergic function remaining to make its supplementation feasible, while all three methods suffer from the fact that not only does ACh have other central effects (e.g. in striatum), but also numerous peripheral parasympathomimetic ones, such as increased bronchial and gastric secretion or reduced heart rate. 

Alterations in other gastric secretions, such as pepsinogens and blood group substances also take place in chronic atrophic gastritis. The secretion of pepsinogen I has been used as an indicator of intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer (21, 22). 

C. A. M. The gastric secretion of drugs a pH Partition Hypothesis./. Pharmacol. 

Caffeine stimulates gastric secretion. Other factors in coffee besides caffeine also cause increase gastric secretion. This is probably the most striking effect of coffee on the gastrointestinal tract. 

First of all, there is a decrease in gastric secretion that causes the elevated pH that has been noted in elderly patients [116-127], This condition is commonly referred to as hypochlorhydria or, in severe cases,... 

The majority of evidence supporting the pH-partition hypothesis is from studies of gastrointestinal absorption, renal excretion, and gastric secretion of drugs [11]. While correlation between absorption rate and pKa was found to be consistent with the pH-partition hypothesis, deviations from this hypothesis were often reported [12]. Such deviations were explained by the existence of a mucosal unstirred layer [13,14] and/or a microclimate pH [15]. 

Secretin Endocrine cells in mucosa of duodenum Acid in duodenum Inhibits gastric emptying and gastric secretion stimulates secretion of bicarbonate from pancreas stimulates secretion of bicarbonate-rich bile from liver... 

Mechanically mashes ingested food and mixes it with gastric secretions... 

An important gastric secretion is the hydrochloric acid that performs a number of functions in the stomach. This stomach acid is neutralized by pancreatic bicarbonate ion in the duodenum. Excess acid in the chyme stimulates chemoreceptors in the duodenum. This receptor stimulation elicits reflex inhibition of gastric motility. Excess acid also causes the release of secretin and gastric inhibitory peptide from the duodenum. These hormones contribute to inhibition of gastric contractions so that the neutralization process may be completed before additional acid arrives in chyme from the stomach. 

Gastric secretion. The human stomach secretes 1 to 2 1 of gastric juice per day. The gastric mucosa, which produces these secretions, is divided into two functional regions ... 

The gastric phase is elicited by the presence of food in the stomach. Distension of the stomach wall, as well as the presence of protein, caffeine, and alcohol, enhances gastric secretion. This phase is mediated by the intrinsic nerves, the vagus nerve, and gastrin. Each of these mechanisms promotes secretion of HC1 and pepsinogen. 

The intestinal phase has two components that influence gastric secretion ... 

As with gastric secretion, nervous stimulation and hormones regulate secretion from the pancreas. During the cephalic phase and gastric phase, the pancreas secretes a low-volume, enzyme-rich fluid mediated by the vagus nerve. 

Dalenback J, Mellander A, Olbe L, Sjovall H Motility-related cyclic fluctuations of interdigestive gastric acid and bicarbonate secretion in man. A source of substantial variability in gastric secretion studies. Scand J Gastroenterol 1993 28 943-948. 

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