Motility gastric

Decreased gastric acidity decreased gastric motility... 

PNS—relaxation of the smooth muscles of the bronchi constriction of blood vessels, sphincters of tlie stomach dilatation of coronary blood vessels decrease in gastric motility... 

MANAGING CONSTIPATION. Constipation caused by decreased gastric motility can be a problem widi cholinergic dm. The nurse urges the patient to increase fluid intake up to 2000 mL daily (if healdi conditions permit), eat a diet high in fiber, and obtain adequate exercise The primary healdi care provider may prescribe a stool softener, if necessary, to prevent constipation. 

Anticholinergics (cholinergic blocking drug) reduce gastric motility and decrease the amount of acid secreted by the stomach (see Chap. 25). Examples of anticholinergics used for GI disorders include propantheline (Pro-Banthine) and glycopyrrolate (Robinul). 

Gastric motility and emptying, pH, fluid volume, and contents of the gut... 

J Fermaglich, S O Doherty. Effect of gastric motility on levodopa. Dis Nerv Syst 33 624-625, 1972. 

Gastrin G cells in pyloric region of the stomach Protein in stomach vagal stimulation Stimulates parietal cells (HC1) and chief cells (pepsinogen) in stomach enhances gastric motility... 

Gastric motility. In addition to the circular and longitudinal layers of smooth muscle, the stomach contains an extra layer of smooth muscle. Beginning at the UES, the oblique layer of smooth muscle fans out across the anterior and posterior surfaces of the stomach and fuses with the circular layer in the lower region. This extra layer of muscle enhances gastric motility and therefore mixing and mashing of food. 

It may take many hours for the contents of the stomach to be processed and moved into the small intestine. Several factors influence gastric motility and therefore the rate of gastric emptying. These include ... 

The major gastric factor that affects motility and the rate of emptying is the volume of chyme in the stomach. As the volume of chyme increases, the wall of the stomach becomes distended and mechanoreceptors are stimulated. This elicits reflexes that enhance gastric motility by way of the intrinsic and vagus nerves. The release of the hormone gastrin from the antral region of the stomach further contributes to enhanced motility. 

The most important factors that regulate gastric motility and the rate of emptying of the stomach involve the volume and chemical composition of chyme in the duodenum. Receptors in the duodenum are sensitive to ... 

As the volume of the chyme in the duodenum increases, it causes distension of the duodenal wall and stimulation of mechanoreceptors. This receptor stimulation elicits reflex inhibition of gastric motility mediated through the intrinsic and vagus nerves. Distension also causes release of gastric inhibitory peptide from the duodenum, which contributes to inhibition of gastric contractions. 

Effects similar to those of the neuroleptics have also been described for other dopamine-blocking agents. Thus, parkinsonism and tardive symptoms may result from use of metoclopramide, a drug which is commonly used to enhance gastric motility, or certain antiemetics, such as perphenazine. 

Lawler, E.M., G.E. Duke, and P.T. Redig. 1991. Effect of sublethal lead exposure on gastric motility of redtailed hawks. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 21 78-83. 

Gastroparesis can be severe and debilitating. Improved glycemic control, discontinuation of medications that slow gastric motility, and use of meto-dopramide (preferably for only a few days at a time) or erythromycin may be helpful. 

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