Gastric secretion lipase

Q4 Water, mucus, pepsinogen and gastric lipase, which digests milk fats, are produced by the stomach. In young animals, rennin is also present in gastric secretions. The volume of secretion produced each day is approximately 21. 

Dog gastric lipase CaMV enhanced 35S promoter/ CaMV 35S terminator LP of rabbit gastric lipase precursor LP of sweet potato sporamin precursor N. tabacum (leaves secretion) N. tabacum (leaves vacuole) 7% of acid extractable proteins 5% of acid extractable proteins 51... 

The hydrolysis of triacylglycerol is catalysed by lipases, two of which are present in the stomach. These are lingual lipase, which is secreted by the soft palate, and gastric lipase, which is secreted by the gastric glands of the stomach. Gastric lipase is particnlarly important in the newborn since, at this stage of life, pancreatic secretions contain relatively little lipase. 

The long-chain fatty acids stimulate the secretion of cholecystokinin, which increases secretion of gastric lipase (i.e. positive feedback). 

Pancreatic enemies (B) from slaughtered animals are used to relieve excretory insufficiency of the pancreas ( disrupted digestion of fats steatorrhea, inter alia). Normally, secretion of pancreatic enzymes is activated by cholecystokinin ancreozymin, the en-terohormone that is released into blood from the duodenal mucosa upon contact with chyme. With oral administration of pancreatic enzymes, allowance must be made for their partial inactivation by gastric acid (the lipases, particularly). Therefore, they are administered in acid-resistant dosage forms. 

In the stomach, the chemicals contact other already-existing materials (stomach contents), secretions, (e.g., pepsin, gastric lipase, rennin), and hydrochloric acid. The effect of pH in the stomach, and the influence of pH on the ionization of weak organic acids and bases, plays a major role in the bioavailability of the chemical within the organism. 

Pancreatic bicarbonate secretion is also diminished in exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. There may thus be insufficient intraduodenal buffer protection for enzymes against denaturation by gastric acid emptied with postprandial chyme. Indeed, intraluminal pH may decrease below 4.0, which results in irreversible destruction of lipase. 

Q14 Pancreatic enzyme preparations contain amylase, lipase and protease enzymes. These supplements are given by mouth and compensate for the reduced or absent pancreatic secretions they assist the digestion of starch, fat and protein. Since the enzymes may be inactivated by gastric acid, they are usually presented in a protected, enteric-coated form which is sprinkled directly on the food. 

Blair, A. J., Richardson, C. T., Walsh, J. H., and Feldman, M. (1987). Variable contribution of gastrin to gastric acid secretion after a meal in humans. Gastroenterology 92,944-949. Borel, R, Armand, M., Senft, M., Andre, M., Lafont, H., and Lairon, D. (1991). Gastric lipase. Gastroenterology 100,1582-1589. 

Pancreatic lipase is one of the mammalian key digestive enzymes. It completes the dietary triacylglycerol breakdown initiated by preduode-nal lipases, including lingual and gastric enzymes, (see below). The enzyme is inhibited in the intestine by bile salts, but the activity is restored in the presence of colipase (CLP), a relatively short (95 residues) heat-stable polypeptide secreted by the pancreas (Semeriva and Desnuelle, 1979 Borgstrbm and Erlanson-Albertsson, 1984). The structural details of the interaction of colipase with lipase are described in Section III,C. 

Carriere F, Barrowman J, Verger R, Laugier R. Secretion and contribution to lipolysis of gastric and pancreatic lipases during a test meal in humans. Gastroenterology 1993 105 876-88. 

Borovicka, J., Schwizer, W., Mettraux, C., Kreiss, C., Remy, B., Asal, K, Jansen, J.B., Douchet, I., Verger, R. and Fried, M. (1997) Regulation of gastric and pancreatic lipase secretion by CCK and cholinergic mechanisms in humans. Am.J. Physiol. 

Dog gastric lipase Stimulation of its secretion in vivo and cytolocalization in mucous pit cells. Gastroenterology 102, 1535-1545. 

N. and Ribet, A. (1990) Gastric lipase in alcoholic pancreatitis. Comparison of secretive profiles following pentagastrin stimulation in normal adults and patients with pancreatic insufficiency. Gastroenterology 99, 175-180. 

R. (2001) Effects of Lansoprazole on Human Gastric Lipase Secretion and Intragastric Lipolysis in Healthy Human Volunteers. Digestion 63, 207-213. 

SzAFRAN, Z., SzAFRAN, H., POPIELA, T. and Trompeter, G. (1978) Coupled secretion of gastric lipase and pepsin in man following pentagastrin stimulation. Digestion 18, 310-318. 

Carriere F, Barrowman JA, Verger R, and Laugier R. Secretion and Contribution to Lipolysis of Gastric and Pancreatic Lipases During a Test Meal in Humans. 

---