Saccharomyces cerevisiae methylation

The oxidative removal of the 14a-methyl group in lanosterol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae... 

Padhi, S.K., Kaluzna, I.A., Buisson, D. et al. (2007) Reductions of cyclic beta-keto esters by individual Saccharomyces cerevisiae dehydrogenases and a chemo-enzymatic route to (lR,2S)-2-methyl-l-cyclohexanol. Tetrahedron Asymmetry, 18 (18), 2133-2138. 

Despite the higher selectivity of enzymatic methyl transfer over chemical methylation, where toxic or hazardous reagents are often employed, such as methyl sulfonate and diazomethane, the synthetic applications of these enzymes have been largely ignored primarily as a result of high costs associated with the cofactor SAM. Recent efforts have been directed to in vivo methylation, where SAM may be regenerated inside cells. For example, methyl benzoate production was engineered in recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae and in vivo... 

Farhi, M., Dudareva, N., Masci, T. et al. (2006) Synthesis of the food flavoring methyl benzoate by genetically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Journal of Biotechnology, 122, 307-315. 

Yeast Insoluble Polysaccharide. The structure of an insoluble polysaccharide from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated by Zechmeister and Toth,90a and also by Hassid, Joslyn and McCready.904 The isolation904 of 2,4,6-trimethyl-D-glucose as the sole product of the hydrolysis of the methylated polysaccharide indicated a chain of gluco-pyranose units joined by 1,3-glucosidic linkages. 

In addition to bacterial conversion of L-methionine to cheese aroma compounds, certain cheese-ripening yeasts have been implicated. They include De-baromyces hansenii, Geotrichum candidum, and Yarrowia lipolytica, in addition to Kluyveromyces lactis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (previously noted). Of these yeasts, Geotrichum candidum was most effective at producing sulfur compounds with the major product being S-methyl thioacetate, with smaller amounts of MT, DMS, DMDS, and DMTS. Kluyveromyces lactis had a similar profile, but produced a much smaller amount of S-methyl thioacetate than did G. candidum. S-Methyl thioacetate is formed by a reaction of MT and acetyl-CoA (Equation 7) ... 

Jadhav JP, Parshetti GK, Kalme SD et al (2007) Decolourization of azo dye methyl red by Saccharomyces cerevisiae MTCC-463. Chemosphere 68 394-400... 

Ashby and Craig72 reported that MeSn3+ and small amounts of Me2Sn2+ are also produced when a baker s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is incubated with tin(II) compounds including tin(II) oxalate, tin(II) sulfide and various tin amino acid complexes. Tin(II) chloride and tin(II) amino acid complexes were methylated by methyl-cobalamin, under conditions of chloride ion concentrations and pH relevant to the natural environment73. The main identified product of all reactions was monomethyltin. 

Saccharomyces cerevisiae) C-8 (S) Hydroxylation Streptomyces rimosus) 2,4-0-methylation and 2-0-methylation,4-0-glucosylation [126,127]... 

Human Set9 is a 50 kDa H3 methyltransferase that methylates Lys-4 of H3. The enzyme methylated free H3 but not H3 in chromatin substrates. There is evidence that Set9 may stimulate activated transcription [198]. Set9 has the SET domain but lacks the cysteine-rich (pre-SET and post-SET) domains. Disruption of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces pombe Setl obliterates H3 methyl Lys-4 [199]. Thus this SET domain containing protein appears to be a H3 Lys-4 methyltransferase, catalyzing both di- and tri-methylation of H3 Lys-4 [155]. However, studies with recombinant Setl failed to show histone methyltransferase activity. It has been suggested that other associated proteins may be required for the Setl to be catalytically active [139,200]. Indeed, Setl is associated with several... 

Metal amalgams may be used for reduction of the keto groups in keto esters provided the medium does not cause hydrolysis of the ester. Because of that aluminum amalgam in ether is preferable to sodium amalgam in aqueous solutions. Diethyl oxalacetate was reduced to diethyl malate by sodium amalgam in 50% yield and with aluminum amalgam in 80% yield [148], Stereospecific reduction of a- and fi-keto esters to optically pure hydroxy esters was achieved by biochemical reduction in moderate to good yields. Saccharomyces cerevisiae converted methyl 2-keto-2-phenylacetate to methyl... 

Amides of keto acids were reduced to amides of hydroxy acids biochemically using Saccharomyces cerevisiae to give optically pure products [7059]. Refluxing with lithium aluminum hydride in ether for 6 hours reduced both the ketonic and the amidic carbonyl in A -methyl-5-phenyl-5-oxopentanamide and gave 82% yield of 5-methylamino-l-phenylpentanol [1134]. 

Weidenhagen6 found no hydrolysis of either methyl or phenyl /3-D-fructofuranoside by /3-D-fructofuranosidase ( of Saccharomyces cerevisiae) but Purves and Hudson,66 like Schlubach and Rauchalles,67 reported that this enzyme, presumed by Gottschalk68 to be from yeast, hydrolyzed methyl /3-D-fructofuranoside, although only 7% as fast as for sucrose. Purified /3-D-fructofuranosidase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolyzed ethyl /3-D-fructofuranoside and N-p-nitrophenyl-/3-D-fructofuranosylamine according to Baseer and Shall,68 who suggested... 

The 13CNMR spectrum of specifically 13C-labeled methyl palmitoleate isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was a great help in obtaining the complete 13C signal assignment of this lipid [1011]. The shifts are listed in Table 5.43. 

Girard PM, D Flam C, Cadet J, Boiteux S (1998) Opposite base-dependent excision of 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-adenine by the Oggl protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Carcinogenesis 19 1299-1305 Greenberg MM, Matray TJ (1997) Inhibition of Klenow fragment (exo ) catalyzed DNA polymerization by (5.R)-5,6-dihydro-5-hydroxy thymidine and structural analogue 5,6-dihydro-5-methyl-thymidine. Biochemistry 36 14071-14079... 

Organisms Lactobacillus kefir DSM 20587, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida magnoliae, Bacillus megaterium, Thermoanaerobium brockii, Clostridium beijerinckii, Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus, Rhodococcus ruber DSM 44541. Solvents ace = acetone iPr = i-PrOH. Substrates WM Wieland-Miescher ketone 4-Me-HP 4-methyl Hajos-Parrish ketone COBE ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate. 

Figure 4.1 GC/MS analysis of methyl esters prepared from a whole cell lipid extract of the YEpOLEX-PDesat-TnD11Z-transformed ole1 strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (A) total ion spectrum of fatty acid methyl esters resolved by capillary GLC (B) mass spectrum of the degradation products of the DMDS adduct of Z11 -16 Me in A. The diagnostic m/z values of the DMDS adduct of Z11-16 Me are labeled. (Reproduced with permission from Knipple et al., 1998. 1998 by The National Academy of Sciences.)...

Epler. Mutagenicity of methylated N-nitrosopiperidines in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mutat. Res. 57 155-161,... 

Zimmermann, F.K., and R. Schwaier. Induction of mitotic gene conversion with nitrous acid, 1-methyl-3-nitro-l-nitrosoguanidine and other alkylating agents in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Molec. Gen. 

Figure 6. Preparation of the enantiomers of methyl 3-hydroxypentanoate. Reagents a) Candida rugosa b) MeOH-H2S04 (80%) c) 3,5-(02N) C6H3C02H, DMAP, DCC/CH2C12 recrystallization d) K0H/THF-Me0H-H20 e) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (70%) f) K2C03/Me0H.

Kodaki, T., Hosaka, K., Nikawa, J.-I., and Yamashita, S., 1991a, Identification of the upstream activation sequences responsible for the expression and regulation of the PEM1 and PEM2 genes encoding the enzymes of the phosphatidylethanolamine methylation pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Biochem. 109 276-287. 

McGraw, P., and Henry, S.A., 1989, Mutations in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae opi3 gene Effects on phospholipid methylation, growth and cross-pathway regulation of inositol synthesis. Genetics 122 317-330. 

Howell, K. S., Swiegers, J. H., Elsey, G. M., Siebert, T. E., Bartowsky, E. J., Fleet, G. H., Pretorius, I. S., de Barros Lopes, M. A. (2004b) Variation in 4-mercapto-4-methyl-pentan-2-one release by Saccharomyces cerevisiae commercial wine strains. FEMS Microbiology Jitters, 240, 125-129. 

Hrycyna, C.A., Sapperstein, S.K., Clarke, S., and Michaelis, S. (1991). The Saccharomyces cerevisiae STE14 gene encodes a methyltransferase that mediates C-terminal methylation of a-factor and RAS proteins. EMBO J 10 1699-1709. 

Marr, R.S., Blair, L.C., aud Thoruer, J. (1990). Saccharomyces cerevisiae STEM gene is required for COOH-terminal methylation of a-factor mating pheromone. J Biol Chem 265 20057-20060. 

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