Clostridium beijerinckii

Liyanage H, S Kashket, M Young, ER Kashket (2001) Clostridium beijerinckii and Clostridium difficile detoxify methylglyoxal by a novel mechanism involving glycerol dehydrogenase. Appl Environ Microbiol 67 2004-2010. 

Nimcevic, D., Schuster, M., Gapes, J. R. (1998). Solvent production by Clostridium beijerinckii NRRL B592 growing on different potato media Appl. Microbiol. BiotechnoL, 50,426 28. 

Organisms Lactobacillus kefir DSM 20587, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida magnoliae, Bacillus megaterium, Thermoanaerobium brockii, Clostridium beijerinckii, Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus, Rhodococcus ruber DSM 44541. Solvents ace = acetone iPr = i-PrOH. Substrates WM Wieland-Miescher ketone 4-Me-HP 4-methyl Hajos-Parrish ketone COBE ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate. 

Index Entries Immobilized cell biofilm reactor butanol com steep liquor sodium butyrate Clostridium beijerinckii BA101 sodium acetate. 

The use of continuous immobilized cell biofilm reactors eliminates downtime and hence results in superior reactor productivity (2,3). Adsorbed cell continuous biofilm reactors have been shown to favorably affect process economics (4). Application of these reactors reduces capital and operational cost, thus making the process simpler. Within these reactors, cells are immobilized by adsorption, which is a simpler technique than other techniques such as entrapment and covalent bonding (5). Adsorption is a simple technique and can be performed inside the reactors without the use of chemicals, whereas entrapment and covalent bonding are complicated techniques and require chemicals for bond formation. In anaerobic systems, such as butanol production, adsorption can be performed anaerobically within the reactor. An additional advantage of adsorption is that cells form uniform biofilm layers around the support, which lessens diffusion resistance compared to entrapped and covalently bonded cells. Hence, these reactors are called biofilm reactors. Because of reduction in diffusion resistance, the reaction rate is enhanced. For this reason, adsorption was chosen as the technique to be employed for Clostridium beijerinckii BA101 cell immobilization to produce butanol. In addition to being simple, it has the potential to be used in large-scale reactors. In the present study, clay brick was chosen as the cell adsorption support. It is available at a low cost and is easy to dispose of after use. 

Ezeji, T.C., Qureshi, N. and Blaschek, H.P. 2007a. Butanol Production from Agricultural Residues Impact of Degradation Products on Clostridium Beijerinckii Growth and Butanol Fermentation. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 97, 1460-1469. 

Several bacteria, such as Clostridium beijerinckii, are capable of converting carbohydrates to butanol. The bacteria performing this conversion are all heterotrophic, i.e. they need already made carbohydrates as a substrate for the production of butanol. 

Lately, spectra of single cells of Clostridium beijerinckii have been obtained (Fig. 8) [88, 89]. The aim was to monitor the population distribution in a sol-... 

Chen, C.K., and Blaschek, H.P. 1999. Effect of acetate on molecular and physiological aspects of Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 solvent production and strain degeneration. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65, 499-505. 

Clostridium beijerinckii IKEVJJQB CysL 21 Hisb/i 90 AspL H2O ... 

The availability of sufficient quantities of enzymes for crystallization studies has led to the crystal structures been obtained for several dehydrogenases. For example, two tetrameric NADP+-dependent bacterial secondary alcohol dehydrogenases from the mesophilic bacterium Clostridium beijerinckii and the thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobium brockii have been crystallized in the apo- and the holo-enzyme forms, and their structures are available in the Protein Data Bank11451. The crystal structure of the alcohol dehydrogenase from horse liver is also available[40 21. 

Host Organisms Clostridium acetobutylicum/Clostridium beijerinckii... 

Clostridium beijerinckii, and descriptions of Clostridium saccharoperhuty-lacetonicum sp. nov. and Clostridium saccharobutylicum sp. nov. Int. J. Syst EvoL BacterioL, 51, 2095—2103. 

George, H.A. and Chen, J.-S. (1983) Acidic conditions are not obligatory for onset of butanol formation by Clostridium beijerinckii (synonym, C. hutylicum). Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 46, 321-327. 

Wu, X. (1998) Characterisation of a large temperate bacteriophage of Clostridium beijerinckii. M.Sc. thesis. University of Otago. 

G. D., and Chen, J.-S. (1993) Purification and characterization of a primary-secondary alcohol dehydrogenase from two strains of Clostridium beijerinckii. J. Bacteriol, 175, 5097-5105. 

H. P. (2012) Genome-wide dynamic transcriptional profiling in Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 using singlenucleotide resolution RNA-Seq. BMC Genomics, 13, 102. 

Wang, Y, Li, X., Mao, Y, and Blaschek, H.P. (2011) Single-nucleotide resolution analysis of the transcriptome structure of Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 using RNA-Seq. BMC Genomics, 12, 479,... 

J. (2012) Draft genome sequence of butanol-acetone- producing Clostridium beijerinckii strain G117. f. Bacterial, 194, 5470-5471. 

N.P. (2015) Genome sequence of the solvent-producing Clostridium beijerinckii strain 59B, isolated from Staffordshire garden soil. Genome Announc., 3, e00108-15. 

Noar, J, Makwana, S.T., and Bruno-Barcena, J.M. (2014) Complete genome sequence of solvent-tolerant Clostridium beijerinckii strain SA-1. 

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