Rubber composition

M. Borowc2ak and A. G. Causa, "Eatigue Behaviour of Cord-Reinforced Rubber Composites," Conference Proceedings ACS, RubberDivision, Louisville, Ky., May 1989. 

Miscellaneous manufacturing Manufacture of jewelry, silverware, plated ware, toys, amusement, sporting and athletic goods, costume novelties, buttons, brooms, brushes, signs, advertising displays Metals, glass, plastics, resin, leather, rubber, composition, bone, cloth, straw, adhesives, paints, solvents... 

Rubber blends with cure rate mismatch is a burning issue for elastomer sandwich products. For example, in a conveyor belt composite structure there is always a combination of two to three special purpose rubbers and, depending on the rubber composition, the curatives are different. Hence, those composite rubber formulations need special processing and formulation to avoid a gross dissimilarity in their cure rate. Recent research in this area indicated that the modification of one or more rubbers with the same cure sites would be a possible solution. Thus, chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSP) rubber was modified in laboratory scale with 10 wt% of 93% active meta-phenylene bismaleimide (BMI) and 0.5 wt% of dimethyl-di-(/ r/-butyl-peroxy) hexane (catalyst). Mixing was carried out in an oil heated Banbury-type mixer at 150-160°C. The addition of a catalyst was very critical. After 2 min high-shear dispersive melt mix-... 

A diaphragm expansion vessel is divided into two compartments by a special membrane or diaphragm of rubber or rubber composition, which prevents the water being exposed to the air. On one side of the diaphragm, the vessel is filled with air or nitrogen at the required pressure. 

Lee [242] studied the dependence of the physico-mechanical properties of Wollastonite-filled polychloroprene rubber on the type of agent used to pre-treat the filler. The composition contained 26.9 part (weight) of the filler per 100 parts (weight) of the rubber (compositions CR-1100, CR-174, CR-151). The finishing agents were y-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (CR-1100 and CR-174) and vinyl triethoxysilane (CR-151). The mechanical properties of the compositions are listed in Table 7 below. The author proposed an empirical equation to relate the modulus with the equilibrium work of adhesion in the following form ... 

Fine silica network is visible in the in situ silica-filled rubber composite synthesized from 50 wt% of TEOS, producing almost 15 wt% of sdica. On the other hand, addition of only 10 wt% of precipitated silica externally gives distinct aggregations. 

Literatures are available on POSS-polymer composites synthesized from different thermoplastics [71-74]. These composites are lightweight and show good fire retardancy, thermal stability, and mechanical reinforcement. Literatures on POSS-rubber composites are yet to come in a big way. 

Processing Aspects of Short Fiber-Rubber Composites.371... 

The reinforcement of rubbers using nylon, rayon, vinyl, and polyester fibers was reported by various authors [10,58,73-75]. Because of the design flexibility and suitable end-use applications, high-performance fibers such as glass, carbon, and aramid also find extensive applications in short fiber-reinforced mbbers. A brief description of some of the major high-performance fibers commonly used in short fiber-rubber composites is given below ... 

Proper reinforcement of rubber matrix using hllers can be achieved only if there exists adequate adhesion between the hller and the mbber. Rubber-mbber adhesion and rubber-hller adhesion both without and with adhesion promoters have been studied extensively [125-127]. Fiber-matrix adhesion in short fiber-rubber composites is always a field of extensive research. If the fibers are not bonded properly with the rubber matrix, fibers will shde past each other under tension deforming the matrix, thereby reducing the strength properties. In the case of short fiber-reinforced rubber composites, loads are not directly applied to the fibers, but are apphed to the matrix. To obtain a high-performance composite, the load must be effectively transferred to the fibers, which is possible only when the fiber-matrix interphase is sufficiently strong. In addition, the adhesion between the fiber and the matrix should be such that the failure occurs in the matrix rather than at the interphase [92]. 

Processing Aspects oe Short Fiber-Rubber Composites... 

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