Nitrilic rubber composites

S.S. Bhagavan, D.K. Tripathy, and S.K. De, Stress relaxation in short jute fibre-reinforced nitrile rubber composites. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 33,1623-1634 (1987). 

U. Wisittanawat, S. Thanawan, T. Amomsakchai, Remarkable improvement of failure strain of preferentially aligned short pineapple leaf fiber reinforced nitrile rubber composites with silica hybridization. Polymer Testing, ISSN 0142-9418 38 (September 2014) 91-99. http //dx.doi.0rg/IO.IOI6/j.poIymertesting.2Oi4.O7.OO6. 

Nugay, N. Erman, B., Property Optimization in Nitrile Rubber Composites via Hybrid Filler Systems. J.Appl. Polym. Sci. 2001, 79, 366-374. 

Pramanik P. K., Khastagir D., and Saha T. N. Effect of extensional strain on the resistivity of electrically conductive nitrile-rubber composites filled with carbon filler. J. Mater. Sci. 28 no. 13 (1993) 3539-3546. 

Nugay N, Erman B (2001) Property optimization in nitrile rubber composites via hybrid filler... 

Cincinnati, Oh., 18-21st Oct.1988, Paper 43, pp.30. 012 INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF PETP DEGRADATION IN POLYESTER FIBRE/ NITRILE RUBBER COMPOSITES... 

Fuh and Wang [31] conducted studies involving Py-GC-MS for the analysis of nitrile rubber/chloroprene rubber materials. The peak ratio of l-chloro-4-(l-chloroethenyl) cyclohexane and benzonitrile was used for quantitative measurement of chloroprene/ nitrile rubber composition in vulcanised samples. Good linearity and recovery were achieved. A series of vulcanised chloroprene-nitrile rubber blended rubber materials was analysed using this method. Reasonable agreement between the estimated and the actual chloroprene composition of these commercial rubber materials was obtained. 

Polyaniline-nitrilic rubber composites have been prepared using rubber-coated anodes for electropolymerization. The resultant material has the mechanical properties of a crosslinked elastomer with the electrical and electro-optical properties of polyaniline. The polymer composite properties vary markedly with the electrolyte used during electropolymerization. 

Pramanik, P.K. Khastgir, D. De, S.K. Saha, T.N. Pressure-sensitive electrically conductive nitrile rubber composites filled with particulate carbon black and short carbon fibre. J. Mater. Sci. 1990, 25, 3848-3853. 

Nitrile rubber is compatible with phenol-formaldehyde resins, resorcinol-formaldehyde resins, vinyl chloride resins, alkyd resins, coumarone-indene resins, chlorinated rubber, epoxies and other resins, forming compositions which can be cured providing excellent adhesives of high strength, high oil resistance and high resilience. On the other hand, NBR adhesives are compatible with polar adherends such as fibres, textiles, paper and wood. Specific formulations of NBR adhesives can be found in [12]. 

Hydroformylated nitrile rubbers might have potential as binders for coupling with other rubbers due to the presence of polar aldehyde group. This might also open up the still greater potential of NBR containing saturated backbone in composite materials [1]. 

There are several ways in which the impact properties of plastics can be improved if the material selected does not have sufficient impact strength. One method is by altering the composition of the material so that it is no longer a glassy plastic at the operating temperature of the product (Chapter 6). In the case of PVC this is done by the addition of an impact modifier which can be a compatible plastic such as an acrylic or a nitrile rubber. The addition of such a material lowers the glass transition temperature and the material becomes a rubbery viscoelastic plastic with much improved impact properties. This is one of the methods in which PVC materials are made to exhibit superior impact properties. 

Polymer International 51,No.7, July 2002, p.601-6 PHYSICAL STUDIES OF FOAMED REINFORCED RUBBER COMPOSITES. PART I. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FOAMED ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE-DIENE TERPOLYMER AND NITRILE-BUTADIENE RUBBER COMPOSITES... 

Fig, 29. Dependence of the impact strength of the composition poly(vinyl chloride), epoxy resin, nitrile rubber on rubber content. 1 0% of SKN18M 2 5% of SKN18M 3 10% of... 

Chemical modification of polymers continues to be an active field of research [1-5]. It is a common means of changing and optimising the physical, mechanical and technological properties of polymers [5-7]. It is also a unique route to produce polymers with unusual chemical structure and composition that are otherwise inaccessible or very difficult to prepare by conventional polymerisation methods. For example, hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR) which has a structure which resembles that of the copolymer ethylene and acrylonitrile, is very difficult to prepare by conventional copolymerisation of the monomers. Polyvinyl alcohol can only be prepared by hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate. Most of the rubbers or rubbery materials have unsaturation in their main chain and/or in their pendent groups. So these materials are very susceptible towards chemical reactions compared to their saturated counterparts. 

Some dicyanate-containing compositions, which contain rubbers as flexibilizing components, were described in the preceding chapters. There were also patent applications made, where dicyanates were claimed as additives in typical rubber mixtures. In such mixtures, butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber is used. The main components of such binders are nitrile rubber, BPA/DC and methylethylketone. They contain, moreover, Zn octoate and Fe203 [144] or ZnO and sulfur [145]. Isoprene-acryloni-trile rubber, BPA/DC prepolymer, Zn octoate, DABCO and benzoyl peroxide were dissolved in a methylethylketone-dimethylformamide mixture. Glass fiber was impregnated with the obtained solution [146]. 

Use of bis(2,3-dibromopropyl) fumarate as a fourth monomer in either nitrile rubber- or graft-type ABS materials gives flame-resistant polymers. With either type, better impact strength is obtained when the fourth monomer is present in both the rubber and resin phases. The compositions are more thermally stable than poly (vinyl chloride) and can be stabilized by typical PVC stabilizers. 

PVC can be chlorinated (CPVC) and be alloyed with other polymers like ABS, acrylics, polyurethanes, and nitrile rubbers to improve its impact resistance, heat deflection, and processability. Although these vinyls differ in having literally thousands of varying compositions and properties, there are certain general characteristics that are common to nearly all these plastics. Most materials based on vinyls are inherently TP and heat sealable. The exceptions are the products that have been purposely compounded with TSs or crosslinking agents are used. 

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