Reliability/durability

The standard requires that design input requirements relating to the product be identified and documented and product life, reliability, durability, and maintainability objectives be included in the design inputs. 

The special features and characteristics which the customer requires the product or service to exhibit, including life, reliability, durability, and maintainability (see Part 1 Chapter 1 for a list of other typical features and characteristics)... 

Design evaluation of performance, reliability, durability, maintainability, and safety under expected operational and storage conditions is carried out. 

The reliability/durability of these fuel cells is another major barrier hindering commercialization. Developing durable catalysts, membranes, gas diffusion layers, and bipolar plates are currently the major areas of concentration in the search for technical breakthroughs. 

Bonded Films are the most convenient way of producing reliable, durable films for use in normal atmospheres. Many different compositions are commercially available, with different binders and additives, and different concentrations of molybdenum disulphide. With the softer films, or under high sliding loads, the films become... 

Economic factors, styling preferences, pricing, running and maintenance costs, performance, comfort, reliability, durability, quality at large, are key to customer satisfaction, the market demand. 

One mix of new equipment considered was wood gasifiers and gas turbines. While the combination of these two pieces of hardware is capable of overall efficiencies as high as 70 or 80%. demonstrated reliability, durability, and economy are lacking. The major problem lies in preventing harmful material from traveling out of the gasifier and damaging the turbine. 

Now 3M offers a full line of quality disposable garments and accessories to help keep workers safe from harmful on-the-job contaminants. Choose from a variety of clothing designed to maximize wearer mobility and comfort while delivering reliable, durable, industry-compliant protection. With features that include enhanced safety design, anti-static treatment, and advanced material technologies that help increase breathability and lightweight comfort, there s a 3M solution to meet your needs. 

DriUing jar performance testing and stuck-pipe databases as described is the basis for the addressed selection problem. Other aspects are also of relevance for the decision-making, including cost and various quality aspects that extend beyond the physical performance measures addressed above reliability, durability, serviceabihty, aesthetics and conformance to standards (Montgomery, 1997). For this specific case we will focus on the physical performance measures and the cost aspect. 

Current issues of SOFC technologies, namely, reliability/durability and cost appear in different manners in respective applications which have different historical background. 

This entry is organized as follows In section Historical Aspects of Reliability, Durability and Cost Issues, historical aspects are first described to provide essential points of SOFC stack/system development. The technological features of the first-generation cells, namely, sealless tubular cells, will be described in comparison with the second- and the third-generation cells in critical technological issues these are materials selection of interconnect (oxide or metal), sealing scheme, redox issues of nickel cermets, metal support cells, trade-off relation between reliability and performance, and materials chemistry associated with lowering operation temperature. 

Historical Aspects of Reliability, Durability, and Cost Issues... 

European Institute for Energy Research (EIFER) (2008) Final report on evaluation on the sustainability of the stacks produced in the project. Real-SOFC Project, Realising reliable, durable energy efficient and cost effective SOFC systems. Integrated EU project under the 6th framework programme... 

In order to establish a fundamental understanding of contamination mechanisms, develop effective contamination control strategies, and then improve the reliability/durability of PEM fuel cells, it is important to recognize the sources and their possible effects on fuel cell operation. In this chapter, we review the origins of contaminants and their chemistries, with some description of their effects on PEM fuel cell operation. 

Stationary Fuel Cell Systems potentially offer solutions to the varied energy issues that face Europe, and other regions of the world. The European Union s 20-20-20 targets for emissions, efficiency and energy sources point to a need to do things differently, and stationary fuel cell systems can be part of the solution. The stationary fuel cell value proposition is complex. Costs are clearly important, but so are the other benefits the environmental benefits of lower emissions, the relatively quiet operation and the promise of autonomy from mainstream power suppliers for end users. Such benefits need to be matched by three key operational and economic criteria reliability, durability and affordability. 

Reliable, durable, efficient, and cost-effective SOEC systems 9 million... 

The reliability, durability, and economical use of technical equipment has become more and more important for industrial development and increased productivity. The discovery and application of new materials determine the development of civilization and, at the same time, lead to novel corrosion problems. It is necessary to constantly curtail corrosion losses by developing new protection techniques. 

The invention of redispersible powders by Wacker-Chemie in 195 3 made for the first time the production of polymer modified dry mix mortars possible, which are nowadays referred to as one pack or one component system ( bagged materials). New construction methods and building materials, which had the need for more safety, reliability, durability, efficiency and economy, have been achieved by using modern methods like the dry mix mortar technology. As a consequence worldwide the job-site mix technology and the modification of mortars with liquid polymers on job-sites were and are substituted by polymer modified dry mix mortars. The product characteristics are very well adapted to the requirements of modern construction technologies, materials and cHmates. 

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