Recording of conditions

It is very easy to create a daily record of conditions on scene in the tragedy known simply as GranitevillePeople in Graniteville and Aiken County were easy to talk to and provided much information, reports, photos, commentary, newspaper, and television news features, and sadness. There is an old saying that Time Heals All Wounds, but people in Graniteville recognize they suffered on Thursday, January 6, 2005, and are still suffering today. However, they do feel that the situation could have been much worse an untold number could easily have killed and many more injured. 

What is the most difficult research job in all of science It is the task of deducing the history of Earth s evolution in its first two billion years, during the Hadean eon from 4.5 to 4.0 Ga (IGa = 10 years before present) and the Archean eon from 4.0 to 2.5 Ga. Detectives of ancient rocks are faced with a lack of clues to investigate. Most of Earth s surface is covered by water. The cores of the continents are probably underlain by rocks older than 2.5 Ga but they are hidden by a veneer of younger sediments. Even in localities where Hadean-Archean rocks are readily available, alteration by subsequent geologic events has obscured the record of conditions under which they were formed. It is revealing to compare and contrast the detailed information available in a textbook of Earth s modem ecologies with the sparse collection of facts accepted by disciplinary consensus for the Hadean-Archean eras. 

Recording of Condition and Appearance. As complete a record as possible should be gathered on the appearance, dimensions, and properties of the object at the time it is brought under the care of the conservator. Photographs, sketches, weights, measurements of dimensions, surface texture, and color are all useful pieces of information and should be noted as a first order of priority. The type and location of deterioration should be documented and recommendations made for the prevention of its progression. This record can be used to appraise the condition of the object at any future time, and its collection will provide a working plan for the conservation of the object. 

Flotation process kinetics determine the residence time, the average time a given particle stays in the flotation pulp from the instant it enters the ceU until it exits. One way to study flotation kinetics is to record flotation recoveries as a function of time under a given set of conditions such as pulp pH, coUector concentration, particle size, etc. The data allow the derivation of an expression that describes the rate of the process. 

Ideally the historical record of stream water quaUty would extend back to a time when human activities in the drainage basin had no significant effects. This "pristine" condition had probably already passed in most U.S. rivers before any organized water quaUty studies were made, as concern about apparent stream pollution was commonly a motivating factor in starting such studies (see Water, pollution). 

The lower volatihty of JP-8 is a significant factor in the U.S. Air Force conversion from JP-4, since fires and explosions under both combat and ordinary handling conditions have been attributed to the use of JP-4. In examining the safety aspects of fuel usage in aircraft, a definitive study (15) of the accident record of commercial and military jet transports concluded that kerosene-type fuel is safer than wide-cut fuel with respect to survival in crashes, in-flight fires, and ground fueling accidents. However, the difference in the overall accident record is small because most accidents are not fuel-related. 

The different detergents are an attempt to copy the typical detergent composition commercially available in the U.S. and European markets. The more severe tests in the C06 series are designed to approximate the effect expected from five repeated launderings. In view of the variety of conditions associated with this test it is vital to ensure good communication and data recording in operating the test. 

Examining a candidate toller s records of formal reporting and follow-up on mechanical deficiencies or hazardous conditions is imperative. The assessor should verify whether such a system is in place and is effective. 

A depth profile is a record of the variation of a property (such as composition) as a function of depth. Some of the techniques in this volume have essentially no intrinsic depth profiling capabilities the signal is representative of the material integrated over a fixed probing depth. Most, however, can vary the depth probed by varying the condition of analysis, or by removing the surface, layer by layer, while collecting data. 

Maintain records of the conditions as a means of demonstrating that the standards are being achieved. 

When equipment or plant is taken out of service, either for maintenance or for repair, it should not be re-introduced into service without being subject to formal acceptance tests that are designed to verify that it meets your declared standard operating conditions. Your procedures need to provide for such activities and for records of the tests to be maintained. 

There are two categories of equipment which determine the selection of equipment general-purpose and special-to-type equipment. It should not be necessary to specify all the general-purpose equipment needed to perform basic measurements, which would be expected to be known by appropriately trained personnel. You should not need to tell an inspector or tester which micrometer, vernier caliper, voltmeter, or oscilloscope to use. These are the tools of the trade and they should select the tool which is capable of measuring the particular parameters with the accuracy and precision required. However, you will need to tell them which device to use if the measurement requires unusual equipment or the environmental conditions prevailing require that only equipment be selected that will operate in such an environment. In such cases the particular devices to be used should be specified in the test or inspection procedures. In order to demonstrate that you selected the appropriate device at some later date, you should consider recording the actual device used in the record of results. With mechanical devices this is not normally necessary because wear should be detected well in advance of there being a problem by periodic calibration. 

There are several ways in which you can document the presence of a nonconformity. You can record the condition ... 

Records soon grow into a mass of paper and occupy valuable floor space. To overcome this problem you may choose to microfilm the records but keep them in the same location or archive them in some remote location. In both cases you need to control the process and the conditions of storage. With paper archives you will need to maintain records of what is where, and if the archive is under the control of another group inside or outside the organization, you will need adequate controls to prevent loss of identity and inadvertent destruction. 

Data on operating conditions can also be obtained from shift logsheets, where critical conditions are often recorded, or by conducting a survey of conditions in the control room and in the field. 

There are no objective tests which will enable one to tell at what point mishandling in storage took place. The packer who fails to keep a record of the quality and condition of his product as it is placed in storage, of the storage conditions, and of product condition as it is loaded for shipment is exposing himself to unnecessary risk. Without such records he may find himself unable to refute unjust or misdirected claims initiated by the buyer. 

INEFFECTIVE TISSUE PERFUSION RENAL The patient taking an aminoglycoside is at risk for nephrotoxicity. The nurse measures and records the intake and output and notifies the primary health care provider if the output is less than 750 ml/day. It is important to keep a record of the fluid intake and output as well as a daily weight to assess hydration and renal function. The nurse encourages fluid intake to 2000 ml/day (if the patient s condition permits). Any changes in the intake and output ratio or in the appearance of the urine may indicate nephrotoxicity. The nurse reports these types of changes to the primary health care provider promptly. The primary health care provider may order daily laboratory tests (ie, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen [BUN]) to monitor renal function. The nurse reports any elevation in the creatinine or BUN level to tiie primary health care provider because an elevation may indicate renal dysfunction. 

An arrhythmia may occur as a result of heart disease or from a disorder that affects cardiovascular function. Conditions such as emotional stress, hypoxia, and electrolyte imbalance also may trigger an arrhythmia An electrocardiogram (ECG) provides a record of the electrical activity of the heart. Careful interpretation of the ECG along with a thorough physical assessment is necessary to determine the cause and type of arrhythmia The goal of antiarrhythmic drug therapy is to restore normal cardiac function and to prevent life-threatening arrhythmias. 

It is significant that the earliest records of life on Earth start shortly after the period of impact frustration. Apparently life formed as soon as the conditions permitted it. Life originated from compounds produced by prebiotic organic chemistry. The source of the molecules included those produced on Earth by energetic processes such as impacts and electrical discharges as well as those that fell in from space. Whatever processes occurred, they would have had to happen either in the deep ocean or in what might have been rare regions of land and shallow water. 

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