Recent and future trends

Growth of pathogens is weU controlled if up-to-date technology for the manufacture of fermented sansages is used. On the other hand, there is a trend towards low-salt, low-fat prodncts into which alternative hurdles may be introduced. Moreover, there is pressure from the market and, in some conntries, from official 

2 Fermented meats with enhanced nutritional value 

Regulation (EC) No. 1924/2006 also states that health claims should be used only if the food in question complies with certain nutrient profiles. Such nutrient profiles have not yet been established for meat products, but a working document of the European Commission (2009) suggests maximum levels of 0.7% sodium and 5% saturated fatty adds. It will be difficult to comply with these criteria Despite these obstacles in labelling fermented sausages, much research has been done to improve the nutritional value of fermented sausages. 

Animal fat could be completely or partially replaced by plant oils high in unsaturated fatty acids such as cd-3 fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids. However, it is difficult to protect these fats from autoxidation without encapsulation (Josquin, Linssen, Houben, 2012). Moreover, the sausages are softer, and drying is difficult. Hence, plant oils are, at present, mainly used in the manufacture of spreadable types such as German Teewursf. 

It is difficult to exclude nitrite and nitrate from the formulation of fermented sausages (see Hammes, 2012 Lticke, 2003). As outlined in Section 15.3.3, nitrite contributes markedly to inhibition of pathogens such as sahnoneUae early in ripening. This effect can be compensated for by using suitable starter cultures (rapidly fonning acid at low fermentation temperature) and/or low ripening temperatures such as is common for traditional varieties manufactured with nitrate rather than nitrite. However, the protective effect of nitrite on fat deterioration is very difficult to compensate (Lticke, 2003). 

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Some recent and future trends in terms of new materials for pyrotechnic applications are as follows ... 

Keywords Concrete-polymer composites. Polymer-modified concrete. Polymer concrete. Polymer-impregnated concrete. Principles of process technology. Research and development. Standardization work. Sustainable concrete-polymer composites. History, The recent and future trends. 

Recent and future trends in the context of application of FRP in the above-mentioned structures involve variotrs irmovative and exciting developments, mainly with the aim of overcoming the eomplex and extreme conditions imposed on pipes and risers at very large depths. For example, as stated in... 

Kramar, L., 1998. Recent and future trends for high performance fabrics providing breathabihty and waterproofness. J. Ind. Text. 28,106-115. 

The recent development and comparative application of modern separation techniques with regard to determination of alkylphosphonic acids and lewisite derivatives have been demonstrated. This report highlights advantages and shortcomings of GC equipped with mass spectrometry detector and HPLC as well as CE with UV-Vis detector. The comparison was made from the sampling point of view and separation/detection ability. The derivatization procedure for GC of main degradation products of nerve agents to determine in water samples was applied. Direct determination of lewisite derivatives by HPLC-UV was shown. Also optimization of indirect determination of alkylphosphonic acids in CE-UV was developed. Finally, the new instrumental development and future trends will be discussed. 

The salient features of the recent development and future trends in all areas of tire technology, i.e., materials, technology, and manufacmring, wiU be covered in the following sections. 

Tire Technology—Recent Advances and Future Trends... 

Amp K. Chandra, Tyre Technology—Recent Advances and Future Trends, (Paper no. 40) presented at the Fall 170th Technical Meeting of the Rubber Division, American Chemical Society, Cincinnati, OH, 10-12 October, 2006. 

In this chapter, we outline some of the most significant recent developments in EM methods, including in situ EM techniques for probing catalysis and active sites at the atomic level, the imaging conditions required to obtain the local fine structure, and the chemistry of the catalysts. We also briefly discuss limitations and future trends. 

Gooding JJ (2006) Biosensor technology for detecting biological warfare agents Recent progress and future trends. Anal Chim Acta 559 137-151... 

B Chankvetadze, G Blaschke. Enantioseparations in capillary electromigration techniques recent developments and future trends. J Chromatogr A 906 309-363, 2001. 

Aqueous micellar solutions of many nonionic surfactants, with an increase in temperature, become turbid over a narrow temperature range, which is referred to as their cloud-point [17,277]. Above the cloud-point temperature, such solutions separate into two isotropic phases. Cloud-point extraction (CPE) is also referred to as a particular case of ATPE [278,279] and more specifically as aqueous micellar two-phase systems [10,277]. Very recently, in an extensive review, Quina and Hinze [280] have discussed in detail the emergence of CPE as an environmentally benign separation process, highlighting the basic features, experimental protocols, recent applications, and future trends in this area. 

Lerouge, R, Cabanes-Macheteau, M Rayon, C., Fischette-Laine, A.-C., Gomord, V., and Faye, L. (1998). 7V-glycoprotein biosynthesis in plants recent developments and future trends. Plant Mol. Biol. 3 31 8. 

The recent and future development of sulfur supplies in the Middle East tends to emphasize the resulting regional concept for sulfur supply/demand. However, as in North America, the rising production of involuntary sulfur has caused a drop in the amount of native pyrite sulfur produced. Table 2 shows recent past and estimated trends in several Middle Eastern countries. The future of by-product sulfur from oil and gas operations is very uncertain at the time of this writing (October 1980) because of the Iran-Iraq war and its effect on near-by countries. 

This paper has been prepared as a summary of published information on these combustion-controlling additives, the petroleum fuels in which they are used, their specific functions and postulated mechanisms of operation, their commercial development, and future trends in their use. The literature on these subjects is almost as vast as the products are complex and can be barely touched upon in a single paper however, some of the basic references are included in the bibliography which is appended. The merits and economics of these materials have recently been discussed by several authorities (21, 33, 40-42). 

Spegel P, Schweitz L, Nilsson S (2003) Molecularly imprinted polymers in capillary electrochromatography recent developments and future trends. Electrophoresis 24(22-23) 3892-3899... 

Some recent developments and future trends in international regulation of chemical contaminants in food are discussed in section 12.5. It is attempted to foresee some issues that could be of interest and concern for food scientists and legislators dealing with contaminants in food in the early part of the new millennium. Certainly, persistent organic pollutants, many of which are chlorinated hydrocarbons, and some of which have been used in the past and in fact may still be used in parts of the world as pesticides, will be among those issues of justified concern. 

Martino G, Catalysts for Oil Refining and Petrochemistry, Recent Developments and Future Trends, Proc. 12th International Congress on Catalysis, Granada (Spain), Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 130 83, 2000. 

For a recent review see A. A. Madej and J. E. Bernard in Frequency Measurement and Control Advanced Techniques and Future Trends , Springer Topics in Applied Physics, Ed. A. N. Luiten (Springer, Berlin, 2000) pp. 149-190... 

Cryan, J. F., Markou, A., Lucki, I. 2002, Assessing antidepressant activity in rodents recent developments and future trends, Trend Pharmacol.Sci., vol. 23, pp. 238-245. 

Camino-Sanchez, F.J., Rodriguez-Gomez, R., Zafra-Gomez, A., Santos-Fandila, A., Vilchez, J.L. Stir bar sorptive extraction recent applications, limitations and future trends. Talanta 130, 388-399 (2014)... 

Recent Trends presents a picture of radiation chemistry as a vibrant field of international venue, still addressing fundamental challenges as it continues to grow into its second century. This image is reinforced, and both broadened and deepened, by a number of edited volumes Rndintion Chemistry Present Status and Future Trends — Jonah and Rao (2001) Char ed Particle and Photon Interactions with Matter — Mozumder and Hatano (2004) Radiation Chemistry From Basics to Applications in Material and Life Sciences— Belloni et al. (2008) which have appeared within the last few years. A clear articulation of prospects for future development was also presented at the recent visionary meeting Radiation Chemistry in the 21st Century held at Notre Dame in July, 2009. 

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